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Aerosol climatology over Nile Delta based on MODIS, MISR and OMI satellite data

机译:基于MODIS,MISR和OMI卫星数据的尼罗河三角洲气溶胶气候学

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Since 1999 Cairo and the Nile delta region have suffered from air pollutionepisodes called the "black cloud" during the fall season. These have beenattributed to either burning of agriculture waste or long-range transport ofdesert dust. Here we present a detailed analysis of the optical andmicrophysical aerosol properties, based on satellite data. Monthly meanvalues of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol opticaldepth (AOD) at 550 nm were examined for the 10 yr periodfrom 2000–2009. Significant monthly variability is observed in the AOD withmaxima in April or May (~0.5) and October (~0.45), and aminimum in December and January (~0.2). Monthly mean valuesof UV Aerosol Index (UVAI) retrieved by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument(OMI) for 4 yr (2005–2008) exhibit the same AOD pattern. The carbonaceousaerosols during the black cloud periods are confined to the planetaryboundary layer (PBL), while dust aerosols exist over a wider range ofaltitudes, as shown by Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder SatelliteObservation (CALIPSO) aerosol profiles. The monthly climatology ofMulti-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) data show that the aerosolsduring the black cloud periods are spherical with a higher percentage ofsmall and medium size particles, whereas the spring aerosols are mostlylarge non-spherical particles. All of the results show that the air qualityin Cairo and the Nile delta region is subject to a complex mixture of airpollution types, especially in the fall season, when biomass burningcontributes to a background of urban pollution and desert dust.
机译:自1999年以来,开罗和尼罗河三角洲地区在秋季都遭受了被称为“乌云”的空气污染事件。这些被归因于农业废弃物的燃烧或沙漠粉尘的远距离运输。在此,我们根据卫星数据对光学和微物理气溶胶特性进行详细分析。在2000年至2009年的10年期间,对中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)气溶胶光学深度(AOD)在550 nm处的月平均值进行了检查。在AOD中观察到明显的每月变化,在4月或5月(〜0.5)和10月(〜0.45)达到最大值,在12月和1月的最小值(〜0.2)。臭氧监测仪器(OMI)连续4年(2005-2008年)获得的紫外线气溶胶指数(UVAI)的月平均值显示了相同的AOD模式。乌云时期的碳质气溶胶仅限于行星边界层(PBL),而尘埃气溶胶则存在于更高的海拔范围内,如云气溶胶激光雷达和红外探路者卫星观测(CALIPSO)气溶胶剖面图所示。多角度成像光谱辐射仪(MISR)的月度气候资料表明,乌云期的气溶胶是球形的,具有较高百分比的中小颗粒,而春季气溶胶则主要是大的非球形颗粒。所有结果都表明,开罗和尼罗河三角洲地区的空气质量受空气污染类型的复杂影响,尤其是在秋季,当生物量燃烧导致城市污染和沙漠扬尘的背景下。

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