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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Are simulated aerosol-induced effects on deep convective clouds strongly dependent on saturation adjustment?
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Are simulated aerosol-induced effects on deep convective clouds strongly dependent on saturation adjustment?

机译：模拟气溶胶对深层对流云的影响是否强烈依赖于饱和度调节？

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Three configurations of a bulk microphysics scheme in conjunction with adetailed bin scheme are implemented in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model to specifically address the role of the saturation adjustmentassumption (i.e., condensing/evaporating the surplus/deficit water vaporrelative to saturation in one time step) on aerosol-induced invigoration ofdeep convective clouds. The bulk model configurations are designed to treatcloud droplet condensation/evaporation using either saturation adjustment, asemployed in most bulk models, or an explicit representation ofsupersaturation over a time step, as used in bin models. Results demonstratethat the use of saturation adjustment artificially enhances condensation andlatent heating at low levels and limits the potential for an increase inaerosol concentration to increase buoyancy at mid to upper levels. This leadsto a small weakening of the time- and domain-averaged convective mass flux(~-3%) in polluted compared to clean conditions. In contrast, the binmodel and bulk scheme with explicit prediction of supersaturation simulate anincrease in latent heating aloft and the convective updraft mass flux isweakly invigorated (~5%). The bin model also produces a largeincrease in domain-mean cumulative surface precipitation in pollutedconditions (~18%), while all of the bulk model configurationssimulate little change in precipitation. Finally, it is shown that the coldpool weakens substantially with increased aerosol loading when saturationadjustment is applied, which acts to reduce the low-level convergence andweaken the convective dynamics. With an explicit treatment of supersaturationin the bulk and bin models there is little change in cold pool strength, sothat the convective response to polluted conditions is influenced more bychanges in latent heating aloft. It is concluded that the use of saturationadjustment can explain differences in the response of cold pool evolution andconvective dynamics with aerosol loading simulated by the bulk and binmodels, but cannot explain large differences in the response of surfaceprecipitation between these models.
机译：在天气研究和预测（WRF）模型中实现了将体微物理学方案与详细bin方案结合使用的三种配置，以专门解决饱和度调整假设的作用（即，将相对于饱和度的过剩/不足水蒸气冷凝/蒸发成一个整体）时间步长）关于深对流云雾的气溶胶激发。体模型配置被设计为使用在大多数体模型中采用的饱和度调整或在时间步长中明确表示过饱和来处理云滴凝结/蒸发，如仓模型中所使用的。结果表明，饱和度调节的使用可在低水平上人为地增强冷凝和潜热，并限制了增加气溶胶浓度以增加中高水平浮力的可能性。与清洁条件相比，这导致时间和域平均对流质量通量（〜-3％）略有减弱。相比之下，对过饱和进行显式预测的二元模型和整体方案模拟了高空潜在加热的增加，对流上升气流的质量通量被弱化（〜5％）。在污染条件下，bin模型还使区域平均累积表面降水量大大增加（〜18％），而所有的主体模型配置都模拟了降水的微小变化。最终，当应用饱和度调节时，随着气溶胶负荷的增加，冷池会显着减弱，这会降低低层的收敛性并削弱对流动力学。通过对体模型和箱模型的过饱和进行明确处理，冷池强度几乎不会发生变化，因此对污染条件的对流响应受更高的潜在加热变化的影响更大。得出的结论是，使用饱和度调节可以解释由主体模型和二元模型模拟的冷池演化和对流动力学与气溶胶负荷响应的差异，但不能解释这些模型之间的表面降水响应存在较大差异。

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