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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Are simulated aerosol-induced effects on deep convective clouds strongly dependent on saturation adjustment?
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Are simulated aerosol-induced effects on deep convective clouds strongly dependent on saturation adjustment?

机译：模拟气溶胶对深层对流云的影响是否强烈依赖于饱和度调节？

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Three configurations of a bulk microphysics scheme in conjunction with a detailed bin scheme are implemented in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to specifically address the role of the saturation adjustment assumption (i.e., condensing/evaporating the surplus/deficit water vapor relative to saturation in one time step) on aerosol-induced invigoration of deep convective clouds. The bulk model configurations are designed to treat cloud droplet condensation/evaporation using either saturation adjustment, as employed in most bulk models, or an explicit representation of supersaturation over a time step, as used in bin models. Results demonstrate that the use of saturation adjustment artificially enhances condensation and latent heating at low levels and limits the potential for an increase in aerosol concentration to increase buoyancy at mid to upper levels. This leads to a small weakening of the time- and domain-averaged convective mass flux (~-3%) in polluted compared to clean conditions. In contrast, the bin model and bulk scheme with explicit prediction of supersaturation simulate an increase in latent heating aloft and the convective updraft mass flux is weakly invigorated (~5%). The bin model also produces a large increase in domain-mean cumulative surface precipitation in polluted conditions (~18%), while all of the bulk model configurations simulate little change in precipitation. Finally, it is shown that the cold pool weakens substantially with increased aerosol loading when saturation adjustment is applied, which acts to reduce the low-level convergence and weaken the convective dynamics. With an explicit treatment of supersaturation in the bulk and bin models there is little change in cold pool strength, so that the convective response to polluted conditions is influenced more by changes in latent heating aloft. It is concluded that the use of saturation adjustment can explain differences in the response of cold pool evolution and convective dynamics with aerosol loading simulated by the bulk and bin models, but cannot explain large differences in the response of surface precipitation between these models.
机译：在天气研究和预报（WRF）模型中实现了将体微物理学方案的三种配置与详细的bin方案结合使用，以专门解决饱和度调整假设的作用（即相对于相对于冷凝/蒸发的过剩/不足的水蒸气进行冷凝/蒸发）。在一个时间步中达到饱和），以气溶胶引起的深对流云团的活跃。主体模型配置设计为使用大多数主体模型中使用的饱和度调整，或使用bin模型中使用的时间步长的显式表示来处理云滴凝结/蒸发。结果表明，饱和度调节的使用会在低水平上人为地增强冷凝和潜热，并限制了气溶胶浓度增加的可能性，从而增加了中上水平的浮力。与清洁条件相比，这导致时间和域平均对流质量通量（〜-3％）略有减弱。相反，具有过饱和的显式预测的bin模型和体方案模拟了高处潜在加热的增加，对流上升气流的质量通量微弱地增强（〜5％）。 bin模型还使污染条件下的区域平均累积表面降水量大大增加（〜18％），而所有的主体模型配置都模拟了降水量的微小变化。最后，显示出当应用饱和度调节时，冷池随着气溶胶负荷的增加而显着减弱，其作用是减少低水平的收敛性并减弱对流动力学。通过对体和箱模型中的过饱和进行明确处理，冷池强度几乎没有变化，因此对污染条件的对流响应受更高的潜在加热变化的影响更大。结论是，使用饱和度调节可以解释冷池演化和对流动力学的响应，这些响应是通过体模型和箱模型模拟的，但不能解释这些模型之间的表面降水响应存在较大差异。

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