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首页> 外文期刊>Australian Journal of Crop Science >Characteristics of flag leaf photosynthesis and root respiration of four historical winter wheat varieties released over recent decades in semi-arid Northwest China
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Characteristics of flag leaf photosynthesis and root respiration of four historical winter wheat varieties released over recent decades in semi-arid Northwest China

机译：西北半干旱地区近几十年来发布的四个历史冬小麦品种旗叶光合作用和根系呼吸的特征

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A pot-culture experiment was conducted to characterize the flag leaf photosynthesis (Pn) and root respiration in four historical winter wheat cultivars on the Loess Plateau in Northwest China. We compared 4 varieties of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that were released over the recent decades. These are Bima 1 (released in the 1950s) and Changwu 7125 (released in the 1970s) that represent the old varieties, and Changwu 131 (released in the1980s) and Changwu135 (released in the 2000s) that represent the new varieties. At anthesis, Flag leaf Pn was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) for the new varieties than for the old ones during the day (between 11:00h and 15:00h) except in the early morning (at 11:00h) and the late afternoon (at 17:00h). By contrast, root respiration in the old varieties was higher than in the new ones in the morning (07:00 – 09:00 h) and evening (19:00 – 23:00 h), whereas it exhibited the opposite pattern between 11:00 h and 17:00 h. The new varieties also maintained significantly higher values of effective PSII quantum yield (ΦPSII), apparent rate of photosynthetic electron transport (ETR), coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP) and coefficient of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) than the old varieties at low soil-water content. The differences in chlorophyll fluorescence performance suggested that the new varieties might be more drought tolerant than the old ones, in consistence with that the former produced higher grain yields under drought conditions than the latter. Our study indicates that, over the past 6 decades, photosynthetic activities and drought tolerance had improved, while root respiration has fallen resulting in yield increases in the new winter wheat varieties compared with old varieties on the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China.
机译：进行了盆栽试验，以表征中国西北黄土高原上四个历史悠久的冬小麦品种的旗叶光合作用（Pn）和根系呼吸。我们比较了近几十年来发布的4种冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）。它们是代表旧品种的Bima 1（在1950年代发行）和Changwu 7125（在1970年代发行），以及代表新品种的Changwu 131（在1980年代发行）和Changwu135（在2000年代发行）。在花期，除了清晨（11：00h）和后期，新品种的旗叶Pn在白天（11：00h和15：00h之间）显着高于旧品种（p≤0.05）。下午（下午17:00）。相比之下，在早上（07:00 – 09:00 h）和晚上（19:00 – 23:00 h），老品种的根系呼吸作用高于新品种，而在11个品种之间则表现出相反的规律。 ：00小时和17:00小时在低位时，新品种的有效PSII量子产率（ΦPSII），光合电子传递表观速率（ETR），光化学猝灭系数（qP）和非光化学猝灭系数（NPQ）的值也显着较高。土壤水分含量。叶绿素荧光性能的差异表明，新品种可能比旧品种更耐旱，这与前者在干旱条件下产生的谷物产量比后者更高。我们的研究表明，在过去的60年中，与半干旱黄土高原地区的旧小麦品种相比，新的冬小麦品种的光合活性和耐旱性得到了改善，而根系呼吸作用却下降，从而导致产量增加。

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