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首页> 外文期刊>Australian Journal of Crop Science >Wheat yield and soil properties as influenced by crops residues and nitrogen rates
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Wheat yield and soil properties as influenced by crops residues and nitrogen rates

机译：作物残茬和氮素含量对小麦产量和土壤特性的影响

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Incorporation of crop residues into the soil as a source of nutrients and conservation has been widely accepted worldwide. Considering the proper previous crop residues management in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production, a biennial (2010-2012) experiment was conducted to determine the influence of nitrogen (N) and some crops residues on wheat grain yield and some soil properties at College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran. The experiment was carried out as split-split plot arranged in randomized complete blocks design with four replications. Treatments were N rates (45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1) as main plots, type of crops residues [no residues (control), corn (Zea mays L.), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and wheat] as sub plots and rates of crops residues (25 and 50%) as sub-sub plots. The highest yield was obtained from no residue treatment in the first year and sunflower residues incorporation in the second year. The highest soil organic matter (SOM) contents were obtained from 135 kg ha-1 N in the first year, and 90 kg ha-1 N with 50% of sunflower residues incorporation in the second year. The highest soil Ncontents (SNC) were achieved with 135 kg ha-1 N and 25% of sunflower residues in the first year, 90 kg ha-1 N and 50% of sunflower residues, and 180 kg ha-1 N and 50% of corn residues incorporation in the second year. Incorporation of all crop residues reduced wheat yield, but incorporation of 25% sunflower residues had the lowest yield reductions and the highest SOC and SNC.
机译：将农作物残余物作为营养物质来源并保护土壤已被全世界广泛接受。考虑到以前适当管理小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）生产中的作物残留，进行了两年一次（2010-2012）试验，以确定氮（N）和一些作物残留对小麦籽粒产量和某些土壤特性的影响。伊朗设拉子大学农业学院。实验是按照以四次重复的随机完整块设计排列的分割图进行的。处理措施为：以氮肥（45、90、135和180 kg ha-1）作为主要地块，农作物残渣的类型[无残渣（对照），玉米（Zea mays L.），油菜籽（Brassica napus L.），向日葵（ [向日葵]和小麦]作为子图，而农作物残渣率（25％和50％）作为子图。从第一年的无残留处理和第二年的向日葵残留掺入获得最高的产量。第一年从135 kg ha-1 N获得最高的土壤有机质（SOM），第二年从90 kg ha-1 N中吸收了50％的向日葵残留物。第一年的最高土壤N含量（SNC）为135 kg ha-1 N和25％的向日葵残渣，90 kg ha-1 N和50％的向日葵残渣以及180 kg ha-1 N和50％第二年玉米残留量的增加。掺入所有农作物残留物会降低小麦单产，但掺入25％向日葵残留物的单产下降最少，SOC和SNC最高。

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