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首页> 外文期刊>Australian Journal of Crop Science >Tetrasomic inheritance in cultivated potato and implications in conventional breeding
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Tetrasomic inheritance in cultivated potato and implications in conventional breeding

机译：栽培马铃薯的四体遗传及其在常规育种中的意义

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摘要

The commonly cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an autotetraploid (2n=4x=48) that displays tetrasomic inheritance. The potato comprises highly heterozygous individuals which suffer inbreeding depression upon selfing. Due to their tetrasomic inheritance and high level of heterozygosity, tetraploid potatoes can be very productive and stable in various environments compared with their diploid counterparts. However, tetrasomic inheritance makes genetic studies and potato breeding programmes complicated. First, studies for genetic control of a certain character such as disease resistance cannot be done easily due to the complicated hereditary patterns and a large sample size of progeny is required for analyses. Secondly, it is more difficult to improve potatoes at the tetraploid (4x) level than at the diploid (2x) level. In addition, most useful wild and cultivated diploid species which are good sources of pest and disease resistance are not easily crossed with the tetraploid potatoes to recover new individuals with recombined traits. These ploidy differences can be overcome through sexual polyploidization (unreduced gametes), somatic fusion and use of dihaploid technology among other methods.
机译：普遍栽培的马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）是显示四体遗传的同源四倍体（2n = 4x = 48）。马铃薯由高度杂合的个体组成，这些个体在自交时遭受近交衰退。由于具有四体遗传性和高杂合度，与二倍体马铃薯相比，四倍体马铃薯在各种环境下都可以非常高效地生产。然而，四体遗传使遗传研究和马铃薯育种程序变得复杂。首先，由于复杂的遗传模式，对某些特征（如抗病性）的遗传控制研究不容易进行，并且分析需要大量的后代样本。其次，在四倍体（4x）水平上改良马铃薯比在二倍体（2x）水平上改良马铃薯更困难。此外，作为害虫和抗病性良好来源的最有用的野生和栽培二倍体物种不容易与四倍体马铃薯杂交以恢复具有重组性状的新个体。这些倍性差异可以通过性多倍体化（配子减少），体细胞融合以及使用双倍体技术等方法来克服。

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