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首页> 外文期刊>Avian research >Post-fledging dispersal and habitat use of a reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon)
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Post-fledging dispersal and habitat use of a reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon)

机译：新引入的凤头朱鹭（Nipponia nippon）种群出雏后的扩散和栖息地利用

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Background Knowledge of dispersal movement of birds and their habitat preference during the post-fledging period is fundamental to the understanding of their ecological and evolutionary processes. The Crested Ibis is now being reintroduced to protected sites within its historical range, with the goal of establishing a self-sustaining population that may eventually qualify the species for delisting. Methods We carried out an ecological study of post-fledging dispersal and habitat use of a reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis ( Nipponia nippon ) from 2008 to 2012 in Ningshan County, China, by using banding and radio-telemetry methods. Results In about two weeks (an average of 14.3?days) after fledging, the activities of the fledglings were concentrated in a range of about 100?m around their natal sites, such as the oak-pine forest patches at the edge of open habitats. During this period, fledglings were still partially dependent upon parental care and fed typically on a daily basis. Siblings increasingly became independent by mid-August and then gradually moved away from their natal sites to post-fledging dispersal locations. During the period of the post-fledging dispersal process, most juveniles moving southwest were concentrated at the mean direction ( μ =?254.6°, ? =?70.5°) with a mean dispersal distance of 5.1?km. It took an average of 56.4?days to disperse from the natal territory to the first wintering area. Also, forging habitats for juvenile ibis varied with time and local conditions. For example, paddy fields were used most frequently among all habitat types, while shallow rivers just from August to October. Masson pine ( Pinus massoniana ) was often regarded as the roosting tree species preferred by the Crested Ibis, with the highest utilization rate among all the roosting habitat types. The juveniles of the wild population dispersed four times as far as that of the reintroduced population, but the overall pattern of post-fledging dispersal is similar for the reintroduced and wild populations. Conclusions Our results are very useful for us to predict the distance and direction of dispersal under various landscape conditions in other released sites. The project is a good example for reintroducing endangered species to their former ranges, and will be valuable for the protection of reintroduced populations of this critically and other endangered species.
机译：背景知识在后雏期了解鸟类的分散运动及其栖息地的偏好，对于了解鸟类的生态和进化过程至关重要。现在将朱I朱鹭重新引入其历史范围内的受保护地点，目的是建立一个可以自我维持的种群，最终使该物种有资格摘牌。方法我们采用带状和无线电遥测方法，对宁山县2008年至2012年重新引入的朱I（Nipponia nippon）种群的迁出后扩散和栖息地利用进行了生态研究。结果出雏后约两周（平均14.3天），幼鸟的活动集中在其出生地周围约100微米的范围内，例如开放栖息地边缘的橡树松树林。在此期间，雏鸟仍部分依赖父母的照料，通常每天进食。兄弟姐妹在8月中旬之前变得越来越独立，然后逐渐从其出生地转移到后世传播地。在羽化后的扩散过程中，大多数向西南移动的幼虫集中在平均方向（μ=？254.6°，? =？70.5°），平均分散距离为5.1？km。从出生地扩散到第一个越冬区平均需要56.4天。此外，宜必思幼树的栖息地也随时间和当地条件而变化。例如，在所有生境类型中，稻田使用最频繁，而从8月到10月只是浅河。马尾松（Pinus massoniana）通常被认为是朱rest最喜欢的栖木树种，在所有栖地栖息地类型中利用率最高。野生种群的幼体分散程度是再引入种群的四倍，但新引入种群和野生种群的出雏后传播总体模式相似。结论我们的结果对于我们预测其他释放地点在各种景观条件下的扩散距离和方向非常有用。该项目是将濒临灭绝的物种重新引入其先前范围的一个很好的例子，并且对于保护该濒危物种和其他濒临灭绝的物种的重新引入种群具有宝贵的价值。

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