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How to assess the effectiveness of nasal influenza vaccines? Role and measurement of sIgA in mucosal secretions

机译:如何评估鼻流感疫苗的有效性? sIgA在粘膜分泌中的作用和测量

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Secretory IgAs (sIgA) constitute the principal isotype of antibodies present in nasal and mucosal secretions. They are secreted by plasma cells adjacent to the mucosal epithelial cells, the site where infection occurs, and are the main humoral mediator of mucosal immunity. Mucosally delivered vaccines, such as live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), are able to mimic natural infection without causing disease or virus transmission and mainly elicit a local immune response. The measurement of sIgA concentrations in nasal swab/wash and saliva samples is therefore a valuable tool for evaluating their role in the effectiveness of such vaccines. Here, we describe two standardized assays (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and microneutralization) available for the quantification of sIgA and discuss the advantages and limitations of their use.
机译:分泌型IgA(sIgA)构成鼻腔和粘膜分泌物中存在的抗体的主要同种型。它们由与粘膜上皮细胞相邻的浆细胞分泌,它们是发生感染的部位,并且是粘膜免疫的主要体液介质。粘膜递送的疫苗,例如减毒活疫苗(LAIV),能够模拟自然感染而不会引起疾病或病毒传播,并且主要引起局部免疫反应。因此,鼻拭子/洗液和唾液样品中sIgA浓度的测量是评估其在此类疫苗效力中的作用的宝贵工具。在这里,我们描述了可用于sIgA定量的两种标准化测定(酶联免疫吸附测定和微中和),并讨论了其使用的优点和局限性。

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