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首页> 外文期刊>Contemporary Trends in Geoscience >Applicability of cryoconite consortia of microorganisms and glacier-dwelling animals in astrobiological studies
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Applicability of cryoconite consortia of microorganisms and glacier-dwelling animals in astrobiological studies

机译：微生物和冰川栖动物的低温圆锥体财团在天体生物学研究中的适用性

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AbstractFor several years it has been of interest to astrobiologists to focus on Earth’s glaciers as a habitat that can be similar to glaciers on other moons and planets. Microorganisms on glaciers form consortia – cryoconite granules (cryoconites). They are granular/spherical mineral particles connected with archaea, cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, algae, fungi, and micro animals (mainly Tardigrada and Rotifera). Cryophilic organisms inhabiting glaciers have been studied in different aspects: from taxonomy, ecology and biogeography, to searching of biotechnological potentials and physiological strategies to survive in extreme glacial habitats. However, they have never been used in astrobiological experiments. The main aim of this paper is brief review of literature and supporting assumptions that cryoconite granules and microinvertebrates on glaciers, are promising models in astrobiology for looking for analogies and survival strategies in terms of icy planets and moons. So far, astrobiological research have been conducted on single strains of prokaryotes or microinvertebrates but never on a consortium of them. Due to the hypothetical similarity of glaciers on the Earth to those on other planets these cryoconites consortia of microorganisms and glacier microinvertebrates may be applied in astrobiological experiments instead of the limno-terrestrial ones used currently. Those consortia and animals have qualities to use them in such studies and they may be the key to understanding how organisms are able to survive, reproduce and remain active at low temperatures.
机译：摘要多年来，对于天体生物学家来说，关注地球冰川是一种与其他卫星和行星上的冰川相似的栖息地一直是引起人们关注的问题。冰川上的微生物形成了一个联合体，即冰晶石颗粒（冰晶石）。它们是与古细菌，蓝细菌，异养细菌，藻类，真菌和微型动物（主要是Tardigrada和Rotifera）相关的颗粒/球形矿物颗粒。在不同的方面对居住在冰川中的低温生物进行了研究：从分类学，生态学和生物地理学到寻找在极端冰川生境中生存的生物技术潜力和生理策略。但是，它们从未在天体生物学实验中使用过。本文的主要目的是简要回顾文献和支持的假设，即冰川上的冰冻土颗粒和微无脊椎动物是有前途的天体生物学模型，用于根据冰冷的行星和卫星寻找类比和生存策略。迄今为止，已经对原核生物或微无脊椎动物的单个菌株进行了天体生物学研究，但从未对它们的财团进行过。由于地球上的冰川与其他行星上的冰川的假设相似性，这些微生物和冰川微无脊椎动物的冰冻岩联合体可用于天体生物学实验中，而不是目前使用的陆地生物。这些财团和动物具有在此类研究中使用它们的素质，它们可能是了解生物如何在低温下生存，繁殖和保持活性的关键。

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