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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Water-Related Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Subsequently on Public Health: A Review for Generalists with Particular Reference to Pakistan
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Water-Related Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Subsequently on Public Health: A Review for Generalists with Particular Reference to Pakistan

机译：气候变化对农业及随后对公共卫生的与水相关的影响：对特别是巴基斯坦的通才的回顾

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摘要

Water-related impacts due to change in climatic conditions ranging from water scarcity to intense floods and storms are increasing in developing countries like Pakistan. Water quality and waterborne diseases like hepatitis, cholera, typhoid, malaria and dengue fever are increasing due to chaotic urbanization, industrialization, poor hygienic conditions, and inappropriate water management. The morbidity rate is high due to lack of health care facilities, especially in developing countries. Organizations linked to the Government of Pakistan (e.g., Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Climate Change, Planning and Development, Ministry of Forest, Irrigation and Public Health, Pakistan Meteorological Department, National Disaster Management, Pakistan Agricultural Research Centre, Pakistan Council for Research in Water Resources, and Global Change Impact Study Centre), United Nation organizations, provincial government departments, non-governmental organizations (e.g., Global Facility and Disaster Reduction), research centers linked to universities, and international organizations (International Institute for Sustainable Development, Food and Agriculture, Global Climate Fund and World Bank) are trying to reduce the water-related impacts of climate change, but due to lack of public awareness and health care infrastructure, the death rate is steadily increasing. This paper critically reviews the scientific studies and reports both at national and at international level benefiting generalists concerned with environmental and public health challenges. The article underlines the urgent need for water conservation, risk management, and the development of mitigation measures to cope with the water-related impacts of climate change on agriculture and subsequently on public health. Novel solutions and bioremediation methods have been presented to control environmental pollution and to promote awareness among the scientific community. The focus is on diverse strategies to handle the forthcoming challenges associated with water resources management.
机译：从巴基斯坦到发展中国家，由于气候条件变化而造成的与水有关的影响不断增加，从缺水到强烈的洪水和暴风雨。由于混乱的城市化，工业化，不良的卫生条件和不适当的水管理，水质和水传播疾病（例如肝炎，霍乱，伤寒，疟疾和登革热）正在增加。由于缺乏卫生保健设施，发病率很高，尤其是在发展中国家。与巴基斯坦政府有联系的组织（例如环境部，气候变化部，计划与发展部，森林，灌溉与公共卫生部，巴基斯坦气象局，国家灾害管理部，巴基斯坦农业研究中心，巴基斯坦研究理事会）水资源和全球变化影响研究中心），联合国组织，省政府部门，非政府组织（例如全球设施和减灾组织），与大学相关的研究中心以及国际组织（国际可持续发展研究所，食品以及农业，全球气候基金和世界银行）正在努力减少气候变化与水有关的影响，但是由于缺乏公众意识和医疗基础设施，死亡率正在稳步上升。本文对国家和国际层面的科学研究进行了批判性的审查，并向关注环境和公共卫生挑战的通才提供了报告。该文章强调迫切需要节水，风险管理以及制定缓解措施，以应对气候变化与水相关的影响，从而影响农业以及随后对公共卫生的影响。已经提出了新颖的解决方案和生物修复方法来控制环境污染并提高科学界的认识。重点是采取各种策略来应对与水资源管理相关的挑战。

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