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Thirty-year Trends of Study Design and Statistics in Applied Sports and Exercise Biomechanics Research

机译：应用运动与运动生物力学研究的三十年研究设计与统计趋势

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International Journal of Exercise Science 11(1): 239-259, 2018. This study documented the change in study design and statistics employed in applied sports and exercise biomechanics research from 1985 to 2014. The sample comprised 676 data based original research reports published in the Journal of Applied Biomechanics (JAB) from 1985 to 2014. Eight design and 10 statistical criteria were extracted from each study. Descriptive statistics were calculated and change in study criteria over time were documented. Design criteria that did not change over time, remaining at relatively low levels of rigor, were widespread (71%) use of small (2-20) sample sizes and examination of numerous dependent variables (26.6% with >13). The number of experimental groups and independent variables also did not change with typically 1 to 2 reported. There was a significant 61% linear increase in randomization of participants into groups, however by 2014 still a minority (39%) of studies were not reporting randomized assignment. Types of statistical analysis showed positive changes over time with a 48% quadratic decrease in descriptive analyses, a 3% linear increase in nonparametric statistics, and a 45% linear increase in reporting parametric statistical analysis. Changes in specific statistical methods included a 9% linear decrease in bivariate correlation and a 73% linear increase in ANOVA. Reporting of assumptions had a 35% linear increase, yet in 2014 sixty-five percent still did not report on meeting statistical assumptions. Changes in test statistics included a linear 56% increase of reporting observed P values and a quadratic 29% increase in reporting effect sizes beginning in the late 1990s. It was concluded there was evidence of small improvements in research design and statistics in JAB over the last 30 years; however, there is still room for improvement to meet higher levels of research rigor and current recommendations on statistical analysis and reporting.
机译：国际运动科学杂志11（1）：239-259，2018年。该研究记录了从1985年到2014年用于应用运动和运动生物力学研究的研究设计和统计数据的变化。该样本包括676项基于原始研究报告的数据1985年至2014年发表在《应用生物力学》杂志上。从每项研究中提取了八项设计和十项统计标准。计算描述性统计数据，并记录研究标准随时间的变化。随时间变化的设计标准，仍保持较低的严格度，已广泛使用（71％）小样本（2-20），并检查了众多因变量（26​​.6％，> 13）。实验组和自变量的数量也没有变化，通常报告为1-2。参与者随机分组的线性显着增加61％，但是到2014年，仍然有少数研究（39％）没有报告随机分配。统计分析的类型显示出随时间的积极变化，描述性分析二次下降48％，非参数统计线性增长3％，报告参数统计分析线性增长45％。特定统计方法的变化包括双变量相关性线性下降9％，方差分析线性上升73％。假设报告呈线性增长35％，但在2014年，仍有65％的公司未报告满足统计假设的情况。从1990年代后期开始，测试统计数据的变化包括报告的观察到的P值线性增长56％，报告的影响大小呈二次增长29％。结论是，在过去30年中，有证据表明JAB的研究设计和统计数据有小幅改善。但是，仍存在改进的空间，可以满足更高水平的研究要求以及有关统计分析和报告的最新建议。

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