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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Indicated Prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in South Africa: Effectiveness of Case Management
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Indicated Prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in South Africa: Effectiveness of Case Management

机译：南非预防胎儿酒精谱紊乱：病例管理的有效性

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摘要

In the Western Cape Province of South Africa (ZA) a subculture of binge drinking produces the highest global documented prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). FASD prevention research activities in ZA use the Comprehensive Prevention approach from the United States Institute of Medicine. Case management (CM) was delivered as a method of indicated prevention to empower heavy drinking pregnant women to achieve cessation or a reduction in drinking. CM activities incorporated life management, Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques and the Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA). Data were collected at baseline, 6, 12 and 18 months. Mean drinking decreases 6 months into CM; but overall alcohol consumption rose significantly over time to levels higher than baseline at 12 and 18 months. Alcohol consumption drops significantly from before pregnancy to the second and third trimesters. AUDIT scores indicate that problematic drinking decreases significantly even after the vulnerable fetus/baby was born. CM significantly increases client happiness, which correlates with reduced weekend drinking. CM was successful for women with high-risk drinking behaviour, and was effective in helping women stop drinking, or drink less, while pregnant, reducing the risk of FASD.
机译：在南非的西开普省（ZA），狂饮的亚文化产生了全球最高的胎儿酒精谱系疾病（FASD）患病率。 ZA中的FASD预防研究活动使用美国医学研究所的综合预防方法。病例管理（CM）是一种有针对性的预防方法，可以使大量饮酒的孕妇有能力戒烟或减少饮酒。 CM活动包括生活管理，动机访谈（MI）技术和社区强化方法（CRA）。在基线，第6、12和18个月收集数据。平均饮酒进入CM的时间减少了6个月;但是随着时间的流逝，总体酒精消耗量显着上升，在12和18个月时高于基线水平。从怀孕前到孕中期和孕中期，饮酒量显着下降。审核分数表明，即使脆弱的胎儿/婴儿出生后，有问题的饮酒也会明显减少。 CM可以显着增加服务对象的幸福感，这与减少周末饮酒量有关。 CM对具有高风险饮酒行为的女性非常成功，并有效地帮助女性在怀孕期间戒酒或少喝酒，从而降低了FASD的风险。

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