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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Children Exposure-Related Behavior Patterns and Risk Perception Associated with Recreational Beach Use
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Children Exposure-Related Behavior Patterns and Risk Perception Associated with Recreational Beach Use

机译：儿童与娱乐性海滩使用相关的行为方式和风险感知

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Background: Oil spill chemicals (OSCs) result not only from the crude oil components but also from dispersants used in the clean-up activities, where some may result in adverse health effects under certain exposure and dosage conditions. One of the main populations of concern for exposure to OSCs are children, who are frequent beach users. Activities such as ingestion of and digging in sand can increase dermal and ingestion exposure. Longer times spent at the beach can also increase exposures for all routes. Objectives: The Beach Exposure and Child Health Study (BEaCHeS) was initiated to evaluate the risk of exposure to children from oil contaminants. Reported here are results for surveys collected, as a part of the project, to address exposure-related behavior patterns and risk perception for parents or guardians who visit the beach. Methods: Over 400 parental surveys were collected at four beaches, two in Miami and two in Texas, to evaluate children’s exposure related activities. Surveys consisted of three general sections: demographics, exposure, and risk perception. Surveys were analyzed in REDcap and Stata to evaluate demographic and regional differences on activities related to beach behavior and potential exposures to oil contaminants (e.g., how much time spent on beach, cleaning habits following beach activities). The statistical analysis included the mean and standard errors, along with regressions to evaluate associations between parameters. Results: Overall, the data showed high variability in how children play on the beach, influenced more by age and less by gender. Variations were also seen in certain variables by beach region (e.g., hygiene practices). By race, variations were seen in income, distance of travel to beach, and preferred method of communication for beach warning. Other important findings are reflected in the article. Discussion: The data presented here may prove useful for those evaluating children exposures to a variety of contaminants, chemical, or bacterial in origin. In addition, coastal managers may find the risk perception and general behaviors useful for planning and maintenance of beach areas.
机译：背景：溢油化学品（OSC）不仅来自原油成分，还来自清理活动中使用的分散剂，在某些暴露和剂量条件下，其中一些分散剂可能对健康产生不利影响。儿童是OSA暴露的主要关注人群之一，他们是海滩的经常使用者。食入和挖沙等活动可能会增加皮肤和食入的暴露。在海滩上待久的时间也会增加所有路线的曝光率。目标：开展了海滩接触和儿童健康研究（BEaCHeS），以评估儿童接触油污的风险。这里报告的是作为该项目一部分而收集的调查结果，目的是解决与海滩接触的父母或监护人与暴露相关的行为方式和风险感知。方法：在四个海滩上进行了400多次父母调查，其中两个在迈阿密，两个在德克萨斯州，以评估儿童与暴露相关的活动。调查包括三个总体部分：人口统计，暴露和风险感知。在REDcap和Stata中对调查进行了分析，以评估与海滩行为相关的活动和可能接触油污的人口统计学和区域差异（例如，在海滩上度过的时间，海滩活动后的清洁习惯）。统计分析包括平均值和标准误差，以及用于评估参数之间关联的回归分析。结果：总体而言，数据显示儿童在沙滩上玩耍的方式差异很大，受年龄的影响较大，而受性别的影响较小。在海滩区域的某些变量中也发现了变化（例如，卫生习惯）。在种族，收入，到海滩的旅行距离以及用于海滩警告的首选交流方式方面，都有所不同。其他重要发现也反映在文章中。讨论：这里介绍的数据可能对那些评估儿童暴露于多种污染物，化学或细菌来源的人有用。此外，沿海管理者可能会发现风险感知和一般行为对于海滩区域的规划和维护很有用。

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