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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Food Contamination >A human health risk assessment of lead (Pb) ingestion among adult wine consumers
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A human health risk assessment of lead (Pb) ingestion among adult wine consumers

机译：成年葡萄酒消费者摄入铅（Pb）的人体健康风险评估

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BackgroundRecent concerns have been raised regarding heavy metal content in wine and its potential health implications. The goal of this study was to determine if lead (Pb) intake poses a health risk among adult consumers of wine. This was achieved by performing a literature review of studies reporting Pb concentration in United States and international wines, determining adult wine consumption rates in the United States using NHANES dietary survey data, utilizing the U.S. EPA’s Adult Lead Methodology (ALM) model to estimate adult blood lead levels (BLLs) from wine consumption under various exposure scenarios, and comparing modeled BLLs to guidance values. Models were stratified by average exposure (mean wine Pb concentration) and high exposure (95th percentile wine Pb concentration) scenarios. ResultsLead concentration data was ed from a total of 31 studies, including wine from 18 countries for a total of 472 wine samples. The mean Pb content of international red and white wines were 33.9?μg/L ( n =?282) and 35.7?μg/L ( n =?118), respectively, while the mean Pb content of domestic red wine was 4.4?μg/L ( n =?61). All modelled BLLs were below the Center for Disease Control (CDC) BLL guidance value of 5?μg/dL. Assuming a mean baseline BLL, an individual was required to drink 10.4 glasses of wine per day (all wine types) under the average exposure scenario and 3.7 glasses of wine per day (all wine types) under the high exposure scenario in order to elevate their BLL to the guidance value of 5?μg/dL. When stratified by region, a minimum of approximately 24 glasses of wine from the United States per day was required to raise adult BLLs to the 5?μg/dL guidance value. ConclusionsOverall, findings suggest that Pb content in wine does not pose a health risk to adult wine consumers.
机译：背景技术人们最近对葡萄酒中的重金属含量及其潜在的健康影响提出了担忧。这项研究的目的是确定成年葡萄酒消费者中铅（Pb）摄入是否构成健康风险。这是通过对报告美国和国际葡萄酒中铅浓度的研究进行文献综述，使用NHANES饮食调查数据确定美国成人酒消费率，利用美国EPA的成人铅方法学（ALM）模型估算成人血液来实现的葡萄酒在各种暴露场景下的铅含量（BLL），并将建模的BLL与指导值进行比较。通过平均暴露（平均葡萄酒铅浓度）和高暴露（第95个百分位数葡萄酒铅浓度）情景对模型进行分层。结果铅浓度数据来自总共31项研究，包括来自18个国家/地区的葡萄酒，共472个葡萄酒样品。国际红葡萄酒和白葡萄酒的平均Pb含量分别为33.9？g / L（n =？282）和35.7？μg/ L（n =？118），而国内红葡萄酒的平均Pb含量为4.4？μg / L（n ＝Δ61）。所有建模的BLL均低于疾病控制中心（CDC）的BLL指导值5µg / dL。假设平均基线BLL，则在平均暴露情况下，个人每天需要喝10.4杯葡萄酒（所有葡萄酒类型），在高暴露情况下每天需要喝3.7杯葡萄酒（所有葡萄酒类型），以提高他们的生活水平。 BLL为指导值5？μg/ dL。按地区分层时，每天至少需要从美国进口约24杯葡萄酒，才能将成人BLL升高至5？μg/ dL指导值。结论总体而言，研究结果表明葡萄酒中的铅含量对成年葡萄酒消费者没有健康危害。

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