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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Geosciences >Characteristics and Causes of Disastrous Debris Flows on July 4, 2013, in Shimian County, Sichuan, China
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Characteristics and Causes of Disastrous Debris Flows on July 4, 2013, in Shimian County, Sichuan, China

机译：2013年7月4日，中国四川省石棉县的灾害性泥石流特征及成因

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摘要

Debris flow is an abrupt phenomenon of earth surface movement and typical disaster in mountainous areas with steep terrace, quantity of loose soil and abundant surface runoff. Intense rainfall and rainstorm easily triggered debris flows and generated huge losses. The disastrous debris flows, on July 4, 2013 at the gullies of Hou, Heilinzi and Xiongjia in Shimian County, Sichuan Province, resulted in 18 casualties and endangering Shimian city with a population of 50,000. These debris flows were characterized by low viscosity with only 0.9% - 1.4% clay soil of less than 0.05mm, density of 1.77 - 1.84 t/m3, velocity of 4.4 - 13.5m/s and discharge of 827 - 1248 m3/s, respectively, and also delivered sediment of 16.8 × 104m3, 12.7 - 13.5 × 104?m3, 20.5 × 104m3?out of the outlet, respectively. These three events all generated a hazard chain, which involved in flash flood, channelized debris flow, dammed lake and outburst flood. The threshold conditions of debris flow blocking Nanya River and forming this hazard chain are that the unit width peak discharge and the deposition volume in river channel are more than 37.0 m3/s and 4500 m3, respectively. These debris flows were initiated by intense rainfall with the antecedent rainfall of over 52 mm and triggering rainstorm of over 36 mm/h. And, the property losses and casualties mainly originated from impacting and scouring, burying and blocking, highway destructing and river channel rising. The irrational location of constructions and the destruction of under-standard prevention constructions were responsible for loss worsening. It was strongly recommended for mitigating that hazards reassessment, integrated control, emergency plan and integrated risk management were made at mountainous urban areas, especially in high-hazard areas.
机译：泥石流是陡峭的梯田，大量的松散土壤和丰富的地表径流量的山区地表运动的突变现象，是典型的灾害。强烈的降雨和暴雨很容易引发泥石流并造成巨大损失。 2013年7月4日，灾难性的泥石流在四川省石棉县侯，黑林子和熊家的沟壑中流淌，造成18人死亡，危及5万人口的石棉市。这些泥石流的特征是低粘度，粘土厚度小于0.05mm的仅为0.9％-1.4％，密度为1.77-1.84 t / m3，流速为4.4-13.5m / s，排放量为827-1248 m3 / s，分别向出水口输送了16.8×104m3、12.7-13.5×104？m3、20.5×104m3？的沉积物。这三个事件都产生了一条危险链，涉及闪洪，沟渠化的泥石流，堰塞湖和爆发洪水。泥石流阻塞南雅河并形成该危险链的阈值条件是，单位宽峰流量和河道沉积量分别大于37.0 m3 / s和4500 m3。这些泥石流是由强降雨引发的，前降雨超过52毫米，并引发暴雨超过36毫米/小时。而且，财产损失和人员伤亡主要来自冲击和冲刷，掩埋和阻塞，高速公路破坏和河道上升。建筑物的不合理位置和不合格的预防性建筑物的破坏是造成损失加剧的原因。强烈建议在山区山区，特别是在高危险地区进行缓解风险的重新评估，综合控制，应急计划和综合风险管理。

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