Oil spills can generate multiple effects in different time scales on the marine ecosystem. The numerical modeling of these processes is an important tool with low computational cost which provides a powerful appliance to environmental agencies regarding the risk management. In this way, the objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of a number of physical forcing acting over a hypothetical oil spill along the Southern Brazilian Shelf. The numerical simulation was carried out using the ECOS model (Easy Coupling Oil System), an oil spill model developed at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, coupled with the tridimensional hydrodynamic model TELEMAC3D (EDF, France). The hydrodynamic model provides the current velocity, salinity and temperature fields used by the oil spill model to evaluate the behavior and the fate of the spilled oil. The results suggest that the local wind influence is the main forcing driven the fate of the spilled oil, and this forcing responds for more than 60% of the oil slick variability. The direction and intensity of the costal currents control between 20% and 40% of the oil variability, and the currents are important controlling the behavior and the tridimensional transportation of the oil. On the other hand, the turbulent diffusion is important for the horizontal drift of the oil. The weathering results indicate 40% of evaporation and 80% of emulsification, and the combination of these processes leads an increasing of the oil density around, 53.4 kg/m3 after 5 days of simulation.
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机译：漏油事件可能在不同的时间尺度上对海洋生态系统产生多种影响。这些过程的数值建模是一种重要的工具，具有较低的计算成本，可为环境机构提供有关风险管理的强大工具。这样，这项工作的目的是评估大量物理强迫对沿巴西南部大陆架的假设漏油事件的影响。使用ECOS模型（简易联轴器油系统）进行了数值模拟，ECOS模型是在里约热内卢联邦大学开发的溢油模型，以及三维流体动力学模型TELEMAC3D（法国EDF）。流体动力学模型提供了漏油模型用来评估漏油行为和命运的当前速度，盐度和温度场。结果表明，局部风的影响是驱使溢油命运的主要推动力，而这种强迫响应的浮油变化率超过60％。肋流的方向和强度控制在机油波动性的20％至40％之间，而这些电流对于控制机油的行为和三维传输至关重要。另一方面，湍流扩散对于油的水平漂移很重要。风化结果表明蒸发量为40％，乳化度为80％，经过5天的模拟，这些过程的结合导致油密度大约增加53.4 kg / m3。
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