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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease >Strategies to promote adherence to nutritional advice in patients with chronic kidney disease: a narrative review and commentary
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Strategies to promote adherence to nutritional advice in patients with chronic kidney disease: a narrative review and commentary

机译：促进慢性肾脏病患者遵守营养建议的策略：叙述性评论和评论

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires extensive changes to food and lifestyle. Poor adherence to diet, medications, and treatments has been estimated to vary between 20% and 70%, which in turn can contribute to increased mortality and morbidity. Delivering effective nutritional advice in patients with CKD coordinates multiple diet components including calories, protein, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and fluid. Dietary intake studies have shown difficulty in adhering to the scope and complexity of the CKD diet parameters. No single educational or clinical strategy has been shown to be consistently effective across CKD populations. Highest adherence has been observed when both diet and education efforts are individualized to each patient and adapted over time to changing lifestyle and CKD variables. This narrative review and commentary summarizes nutrition education literature and published strategies for providing nutritional advice in CKD. A cohort of practical and effective strategies for increasing dietary adherence to nutritional advice are provided that include communicating with "talking control" principles, integrating patient-owned technology, acknowledging the typical food pattern may be snacking rather than formal meals, focusing on a single goal rather than multiple goals, creating active learning and coping strategies (frozen sandwiches, visual hands-on activities, planting herb gardens), and involving the total patient food environment.
机译：慢性肾脏病（CKD）需要对食物和生活方式进行广泛的改变。据估计，对饮食，药物和治疗的依从性差在20％至70％之间，这反过来会导致死亡率和发病率增加。为CKD患者提供有效的营养建议可协调多种饮食成分，包括卡路里，蛋白质，钠，钾，钙，磷和液体。饮食摄入研究表明，要坚持CKD饮食参数的范围和复杂性存在困难。在CKD人群中，没有单一的教育或临床策略能够持续有效。当饮食和教育工作都针对每个患者进行个性化调整，并随着时间的推移适应生活方式和CKD变量的变化时，观察到的依从性最高。这篇叙述性评论和评论总结了营养教育文献和已发表的在CKD中提供营养建议的策略。提供了一系列实用和有效的策略来增加饮食对营养建议的依从性，包括与“交谈控制”原则进行交流，整合患者拥有的技术，承认典型的食物模式可能是零食而不是正餐，着重于一个目标而不是多个目标，而是要制定积极的学习和应对策略（冷冻三明治，视觉动手活动，种植药草园），并涉及整个患者的饮食环境。

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