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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Soil, Sediment and Water >Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Soil: A Florida Risk Assessment Perspective
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Soil: A Florida Risk Assessment Perspective

机译：城市土壤中的多环芳烃（PAHs）：佛罗里达州风险评估的观点

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Over the past decade, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have steadily climbed in importance on the CERCLA list of hazardous substances. Though the listing does not necessarily imply that these chemicals exhibit the greatest degree of toxicity, such recognition by ATSDR and USEPA is predicated at least in part on their demonstrated ubiquity, coupled with toxicity considerations. Regulatory agencies increasingly are under pressure to define and interpret data describing urban background levels, and to appropriately determine the relative importance of waste-producing activities and concentrations resulting from typical natural and/or human activity. Three case studies from Florida are presented that confirm the ubiquity of the PAHs at low levels, and that demonstrate the need for more sophisticated and transparent treatment by regulatory agencies. We discuss assessment and risk assessment activities related to two urban redevelopment projects, as well as one property transaction project. In each case, considerable sampling of surficial soils and sediment identified total benzo(a)pyrene-equivalent (BAPE) concentrations in the range of less than 1 ppm to about 5 ppm. Although those concentrations frequently exceeded the default Florida cleanup target level for both residential and commercial/industrial land use by a wide margin, it was concluded that they are completely consistent with levels reported in a great many urban settings. There is an ongoing need to consider the development of a default urban background level for PAHs in areas characterized by busy roadways or multiple industrial facilities, in much the same way that geological or anthropogenic background levels are established for some inorganics.
机译：在过去的十年中，多环芳烃（PAH）在CERCLA有害物质清单上的重要性稳步上升。尽管该清单并不一定意味着这些化学物质表现出最大程度的毒性，但ATSDR和USEPA的这种认可至少部分基于其已证明的普遍性以及毒性考虑。监管机构正承受越来越大的压力，要求其定义和解释描述城市背景水平的数据，并适当确定产生废物的活动和由典型自然活动和/或人类活动产生的浓度的相对重要性。来自佛罗里达州的三个案例研究证实了PAHs普遍存在于低水平，并证明了监管机构需要更复杂和透明的治疗方法。我们讨论与两个城市重建项目以及一个房地产交易项目有关的评估和风险评估活动。在每种情况下，对表层土壤和沉积物进行大量采样后，总苯并（a）py当量（BAPE）浓度范围均小于1 ppm至约5 ppm。尽管这些浓度经常远远超过佛罗里达州对住宅和商业/工业用地的默认清理目标水平，但结论是，它们与许多城市环境中报告的水平完全一致。迫切需要考虑在以繁忙的道路或多种工业设施为特征的地区为PAHs建立默认的城市背景水平，这与为某些无机物建立地质或人为背景水平非常相似。

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