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Schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging techniques and findings

机译：精神分裂症：神经影像技术和发现的综述

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Schizophrenia: A review of neuroimaging techniques and findings Abdullah Yildirim 1 , Derya Tureli 2 1 2 Neuroimaging has been used in schizophrenia since the invention of computed tomography and new modalities are introduced as technology advances. Magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide imaging are such techniques that are currently used in neuroimaging. Structural neuroimaging studies have demonstrated the association between auditory hallucinations and superior temporal gyrus volume loss whereas negative symptoms of schizophrenia were reported to be associated with prefrontal lobe volume loss. Functional neuroimaging techniques show that schizophrenia patients have diffuse functional disorders located in different areas and networks of the brain defined as the default mode network. The effects of chronic drug therapy affects neuroimaging findings by altering neuronal function via genomic expression and changes in the ultrastructural level. Although neuroimaging is an indispensible tool for psychiatric research, its clinical utility is questionable until new modalities become more accessible and regularly used in clinical practice. The aim of this paper is to provide clinicians with an introductory knowledge on neuroimaging in schizophrenia including basic physics principles, current contributions to general understanding and treatment of schizophrenia and possible future applications of neuroimaging.
机译：精神分裂症：神经影像学技术和发现的综述Abdullah Yildirim 1 ，Derya Tureli 2 1 2 自从计算机断层扫描技术的发明和新形式被引入后，精神分裂症就随着技术的发展而出现。磁共振成像，磁共振波谱学，扩散张量成像，功能磁共振成像和放射性核素成像是当前在神经成像中使用的这些技术。结构性神经影像学研究表明，幻觉与颞上回颞叶体积丢失之间存在关联，而精神分裂症的阴性症状则与额叶前叶体积丢失有关。功能性神经成像技术表明，精神分裂症患者的弥散性功能障碍位于大脑的不同区域和网络中，被定义为默认模式网络。慢性药物疗法的影响通过基因组表达和超微结构水平的改变来改变神经元功能，从而影响神经影像学发现。尽管神经影像学是精神病学研究必不可少的工具，但在新的方法变得更容易获得并在临床实践中定期使用之前，其神经科学的实用性值得怀疑。本文旨在为临床医生提供有关精神分裂症中神经影像学的入门知识，包括基本的物理原理，当前对精神分裂症的一般理解和治疗的贡献以及神经影像学的未来应用。

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