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Numerical simulation of Al2O3–water nanofluid mixed convection in an inclined annulus

机译：倾斜环空中Al2O3-水纳米流体混合对流的数值模拟

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摘要

Laminar mixed convection of Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)–water nanofluid flow in an inclined annulus using a single-phase approach was numerically studied. Constant heat flux boundary conditions were applied on the inner and outer walls. All the thermophysical properties of nanofluid, such as, viscosity, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficient, except density in the body force term were assumed to be constant. Based on Boussinesq’s hypothesis, density was assumed to be a linear function of temperature. The nanofluid properties were calculated in terms of constant properties of nanoparticles and the base fluid. Using the finite volume method the continuity, momentum, and energy equations were numerically solved. Numerical simulations were conducted for the nanoparticle concentrations of 0, 2, and 5% and five different inclination angles including-30o,-15o ,0 , +15o, and+30o. Results showed that a variation in the inclination angle affected the Nusselt number on the inner wall more than the outer one. The Nusselt number in negative angles was higher than in the positive ones, so that at a volume fraction of 5%, the average Nusselt number at the inner wall decreased almost 2% when changing the angle from -30o to+30o. The local Friction factor in the positive angles was higher than in the negative ones.
机译：利用单相方法对氧化铝（Al2O3）-水纳米流体在倾斜环空中的层流混合对流进行了数值研究。在内壁和外壁上施加恒定的热通量边界条件。纳米流体的所有热物理性质，例如粘度，热容，热导率和热膨胀系数，除了体力项中的密度均假定为恒定。根据Boussinesq的假设，密度被假定为温度的线性函数。根据纳米粒子和基础流体的恒定特性来计算纳米流体特性。使用有限体积方法，对连续性，动量和能量方程进行了数值求解。对0、2和5％的纳米粒子浓度以及五个不同的倾斜角度（包括-30o，-15o，0，+ 15o和+ 30o）进行了数值模拟。结果表明，倾斜角的变化对内壁的Nusselt数的影响大于对外壁的影响。负角处的Nusselt数高于正角，因此当体积分数为5％时，将角度从-30o更改为+ 30o时，内壁的平均Nusselt数减少了近2％。正角的局部摩擦系数高于负角。

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