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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Research, Engineering and Management >An Assessment of Soil Properties under Different Landuse Types of the Kallada River Basin, Kerala, India
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An Assessment of Soil Properties under Different Landuse Types of the Kallada River Basin, Kerala, India

机译：印度喀拉拉邦卡拉拉达河流域不同土地利用类型下的土壤性质评估

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摘要

A thin layer of soil covers most of the earth's land surface. This layer varying from a few centimeters to 2 or 3 meters in thickness might appear insignificant relative to the bulk of the earth. On the basis of morphological features and physico chemical properties, the soils of the Kallada basin can be classified into broad six groups (1) Coastal alluviam 2) Riverine alluviam 3) Brown hydromorphic 4) Greyish Onattukara soil 5) Laterite soil and 6)Forest loam (GSI Map). Twenty four soil profiles were collected from the Kallada river basin for analysis, whose 12 profiles are in one cluster distributed adjoining the Western Ghats crest. As many as 12 profiles were under forest, three under grasslands, three under teak plantations, two under mixed tree crops, two under tea plantation and one each from eucalyptus and rubber plantations. Soil is a rich but fragile ecosystem. It is a three-phase system, composed of solid, liquid and gaseous phases. In most soils, the solid phase makes up the vast majority of the soil mass, and over half of its volume. It consists of mineral matter derived from the weathering of rocks and organic matter from the decomposition of plants and animals. The liquid phase is composed predominantly of water, enriched with dissolved solids, the gaseous phase of air, enriched with carbon dioxide from the respiration of soil animals and plant roots. Physical properties of the soil are determined by the character of solid particles and the way in which they are packed together.
机译：一薄层土壤覆盖了地球的大部分陆地表面。从几厘米到2到3米不等的这一层相对于大块土来说似乎微不足道。根据形态特征和理化性质，可将喀拉达盆地的土壤分为六大类：（1）沿海alulviam 2）Riverine alluviam 3）棕色亲水性4）灰色Onattukara土壤5）红土和6）森林壤土（GSI地图）。从卡拉拉河流域收集了二十四个土壤剖面进行分析，其十二个剖面分布在西高止山脉的顶峰附近。森林下多达12个剖面，草原下有3个剖面，柚木人工林下有3个，混合树木农作物下有2个，茶园下有2个，桉树和橡胶林各有1个。土壤是一个丰富而脆弱的生态系统。它是一个三相系统，由固相，液相和气相组成。在大多数土壤中，固相占土壤质量的绝大部分，占土壤体积的一半以上。它由岩石风化产生的矿物质和动植物分解产生的有机物组成。液相主要由水组成，富含溶解的固体，空气的气相富含土壤动物和植物根系的呼吸作用所产生的二氧化碳。土壤的物理性质取决于固体颗粒的特性及其堆积在一起的方式。

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