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首页> 外文期刊>Environment and Ecology Research >Daily Levels of the Harmattan Dust near the Gulf of Guinea over 15 Years: 1996-2011
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Daily Levels of the Harmattan Dust near the Gulf of Guinea over 15 Years: 1996-2011

机译：15年内几内亚湾附近的Harmattan尘埃的每日水平：1996-2011年

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摘要

The Saharan dust which is transported over many countries in West Africa near the Gulf of Guinea (5°N) during the northern winter, known as the Harmattan period, is presented. The Harmattan dust phenomenon has influence on the climate of the region. The dust has been studied over a 15-year period, between 1996 and 2011, using a location at Kumasi in central Ghana (6° 40′N, 1° 34′W). The suspended Saharan dust particles have been sampled in situ by an optical particle counter, and the particle size and concentrations within the particle size range, 0.5–25 μm were analysed. The highest daily average particle diameter, number and mass concentrations during January-February reached 3.17 μm in Harmattan 2005, 148 particles/cm~(3) in Harmattan 1997 and 6199 μg/m~(3) in Harmattan 2005 respectively. It was found that the daily mean size has increased from D=1.01 μm in the period, 1996-2000, to D=1.76 μm in 2001-2011. The mass concentration has also increased from M=370 μg/m~(3) over the period, 1996-2000 to M=1262 μg/m~(3) in the period, 2001-2011. The increased particle size and corresponding concentrations are likely due to increased stronger winds. The diurnal characteristics of the peak Harmattan which is a period of 4-13 consecutive days of highest concentration within January – February, were also anlaysed over the 15 years. This allows the study of the trends of the physical characteristics of the suspended dust.
机译：介绍了撒哈拉尘埃，该尘埃在北部冬季（称为哈马坦时期）期间在几内亚湾（5°N）附近的西非许多国家运输。 Harmattan尘埃现象影响了该地区的气候。在1996年至2011年之间的15年中，使用加纳中部库马西的一个地点（6°40′N，1°34′W）对尘埃进行了研究。悬浮的撒哈拉尘埃颗粒已通过光学颗粒计数器原位采样，并且对粒径范围在0.5–25μm范围内的粒径和浓度进行了分析。 Harmattan 2005年1月至2月的日平均粒径，数量和质量浓度最高，分别达到Harmattan 2005年的148颗粒/ cm〜（3）和Harmattan 2005年的6199μg/ m〜（3）。发现每日平均尺寸从1996-2000年的D = 1.01μm增加到2001-2011年的D = 1.76μm。质量浓度也从1996-2000年的M = 370μg/ m〜（3）增加到2001-2011年的M = 1262μg/ m〜（3）。增大的粒度和相应的浓度可能是由于增加的强风所致。在过去的15年中，也对Harmattan峰的昼夜特征进行了分析，该峰是一月至二月期间连续4-13天的最高浓度时段。这可以研究悬浮粉尘的物理特性趋势。

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