The objective of this study was to develop a rural domestic defluoridation technology for the removal of fluoride from groundwater using locally available raw bauxite. Drinking groundwater sample of high fluoride concentration (6.17 mg/L) was collected from a borehole in Machinga district of Southern Malawi where dental fluorosis is prevalent due to the high fluoride. Defluoridation of the water sample was done in a model domestic defluoridation unit in batch mode to optimize raw bauxite dosage and contact time. Sand and charcoal were used for water clarification. Optimum bauxite dosage and optimum contact time were determined as 0.150 kg/L and 15.0 min respectively. An optimum combined dosage of sand and charcoal for water clarification was found to be 0.720 kg/L. The specific safe water yield for this system was found to be 36.0 L/kg adsorbent. An empirical model of the form ?where Y is the specific safe water yield, x is the height/cross sectional area ratio of a defluoridator is developed to show the significance of defluoridator design in defluoridation.
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机译：这项研究的目的是开发一种农村家庭脱氟技术，使用当地可得的铝土矿去除地下水中的氟化物。从马拉维南部Machinga区的一个钻孔中采集了高浓度氟化物（6.17 mg / L）的饮用水地下水样品，该地区因高氟化物而导致氟中毒。水样的脱氟是在家用模型脱氟装置中以分批模式进行的，以优化原始铝土矿的用量和接触时间。沙子和木炭用于水净化。铝土矿的最佳用量和最佳接触时间分别确定为0.150 kg / L和15.0 min。发现用于水净化的沙子和木炭的最佳组合剂量为0.720 kg / L。发现该系统的特定安全水产量为36.0 L / kg吸附剂。建立了形式为λ的经验模型，其中Y是特定的安全水产量，x是除氟器的高度/横截面积之比，以显示除氟器设计在除氟中的重要性。
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