Eukaryotic transcription factors (TFs) regulate geneexpression by interacting with chromatinized DNAresponse elements (REs). Access to these elements isdramatically restricted by chromatin organization, andmodification of the nucleoprotein structure to allow factorbinding is emerging as a key feature of cell selective generegulation [1-4]. These processes are highly dynamic,often with oscillatory or cyclical components operating onmultiple time scales. Furthermore, many regulatory elementsare located at great distance from target genes; longrange interactions must play a significant, possibly dominant,role in gene regulation [5,6]. We will discuss an integrateddynamic model for regulatory element function onmultiple scales.
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