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H3K4me2 functions as a repressive epigenetic mark in plants

机译：H3K4me2在植物中起抑制性表观遗传标记的作用

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In animals, H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 are enriched at the transcription start site (TSS) and function as epigenetic marks that regulate gene transcription, but their functions in plants have not been fully characterized. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing to analyze the rice genome-wide changes to H3K4me1/H3K4me2/H3K4me3 following the loss of an H3K4-specific methyltransferase, SDG701. The knockdown of SDG701 resulted in a global decrease in H3K4me2/H3K4me3 levels throughout the rice genome. An RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that many genes related to diverse developmental processes were misregulated in the SDG701 knockdown mutant. In rice, H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 are positively correlated with gene transcription; however, surprisingly, the H3K4me2 level was negatively associated with gene transcription levels. Furthermore, the H3K4me3 level at the TSS region decreased significantly in the genes that exhibited down-regulated expression in the SDG701 knockdown mutant. In contrast, the genes with up-regulated expression in the mutant were associated with a considerable decrease in H3K4me2 levels over the gene body region. A comparison of the genome-wide distributions of H3K4me2 in eukaryotes indicated that the H3K4me2 level is not correlated with the gene transcription level in yeast, but is positively and negatively correlated with gene expression in animals and plants, respectively. Our results uncovered H3K4me2 as a novel repressive mark in plants.
机译：在动物中，H3K4me2和H3K4me3在转录起始位点（TSS）富集，并作为调节基因转录的表观遗传标记起作用，但尚未充分表征它们在植物中的功能。我们使用染色质免疫沉淀测序分析了H3K4特异性甲基转移酶SDG701丢失后水稻全基因组对H3K4me1 / H3K4me2 / H3K4me3的变化。敲低SDG701导致整个水稻基因组中H3K4me2 / H3K4me3水平总体下降。 RNA测序分析表明，与SDG701敲低突变体中与多种发育过程相关的许多基因均被错误调节。在水稻中，H3K4me3和H3K36me3与基因转录呈正相关。然而，令人惊讶的是，H3K4me2水平与基因转录水平呈负相关。此外，在SDG701敲低突变体中表达下调的基因中，TSS区的H3K4me3水平显着降低。相反，在突变体中表达上调的基因与整个基因体区域H3K4me2水平的显着降低有关。对真核生物中H3K4me2基因组范围分布的比较表明，H3K4me2水平与酵母中的基因转录水平无关，但分别与动植物中的基因表达正相关和负相关。我们的研究结果揭示了H3K4me2是植物中的新型抑制标记。

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