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Quantum Mechanics as Asymptotics of Solutions of Generalized Kramers Equation

机译:量子力学作为广义Kramers方程解的渐近性

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We consider the process of diffusion scattering of a wave function given on thephase space. In this process the heat diffusion is considered only along momenta. We writedown the modified Kramers equation describing this situation. In this model, the usual quantumdescription arises as asymptotics of this process for large values of resistance of the medium perunit of mass of particle. It is shown that in this case the process passes several stages. During thefirst short stage, the wave function goes to one of “stationary” values. At the second long stage,the wave function varies in the subspace of “stationary” states according to the Schrodingerequation. Further, dissipation of the process leads to decoherence, and any superposition ofstates goes to one of eigenstates of the Hamilton operator. At the last stage, the mixed stateof heat equilibrium (the Gibbs state) arises due to the heat influence of the medium and therandom transitions among the eigenstates of the Hamilton operator. Besides that, it is shownthat, on the contrary, if the resistance of the medium per unit of mass of particle is small, thenin the considered model, the density of distribution of probability ρ = |?|2 satisfies the standardLiouville equation, as in classical statistical mechanics.
机译:我们考虑了在相空间上给出的波函数的扩散散射过程。在此过程中,仅沿动量考虑热扩散。我们记下描述这种情况的修改的Kramers方程。在该模型中,通常的量子描述作为该过程的渐近性而出现,它表示中等质量单位颗粒质量的大电阻值。结果表明,在这种情况下,该过程要经过几个阶段。在第一个短期阶段,波动函数将变为“固定”值之一。在第二个较长阶段,波函数根据薛定inger方程在“平稳”状态的子空间中变化。此外,过程的耗散导致退相干,并且状态的任何叠加都成为汉密尔顿算子的本征态之一。在最后阶段,由于介质的热影响和汉密尔顿算子本征态之间的随机转变,产生了热平衡的混合状态(吉布斯状态)。除此之外,还表明,相反,如果每单位粒子质量的介质的阻力较小,则在考虑的模型中,概率ρ= |?| 2的分布密度满足标准的Liouville方程,如经典的统计力学。

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