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首页> 外文期刊>European Journal of Psychotraumatology >The effects of eye movements on emotional memories: using an objective measure of cognitive load
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The effects of eye movements on emotional memories: using an objective measure of cognitive load

机译：眼球运动对情绪记忆的影响：使用客观的认知负荷量度

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BackgroundEye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. The working memory (WM) theory explains its efficacy: recall of an aversive memory and making eye movements (EM) both produce cognitive load, and competition for the limited WM resources reduces the memory's vividness and emotionality. The present study tested several predictions from WM theory.ObjectiveWe hypothesized that 1) recall of an aversive autobiographical memory loads WM compared to no recall, and 2) recall with EM reduces the vividness, emotionality, and cognitive load of recalling the memory more than only recall or only cognitive effort (i.e., recall of an irrelevant memory with EM).MethodUndergraduates (N= 108) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: 1) recall relevant memory with EM, 2) recall relevant memory without EM, and 3) recall irrelevant memory with EM. We used a random interval repetition task to measure the cognitive load of recalling the memory. Participants responded to randomly administered beeps, with or without recalling the memory. The degree to which participants slow down during recall provides an index of cognitive load. We measured the cognitive load and self-reported vividness and emotionality before, halfway through (8×24 s), and after (16×24 s) the intervention.ResultsReaction times slowed down during memory recall compared to no recall. The recall relevant with EM condition showed a larger decrease in self-reported vividness and emotionality than the control conditions. The cognitive load of recalling the memory also decreased in this condition but not consistently more than in the control conditions.ConclusionsRecall of an aversive memory loads WM, but drops in vividness and emotionality do not immediately reduce the cognitive load of recalling the memory. More research is needed to find objective measures that could capture changes in the quality of the memory. Highlights of the articleRecall of an aversive autobiographical memory is a cognitive demanding task.The vividness and emotionality of an aversive memory decrease more after recall with eye movements than after only recall or only cognitive effort (i.e., recall of an irrelevant memory with eye movements).The cognitive load of recalling the memory does not immediately reduce after recall with eye movements compared to only recall or only cognitive effort.Intervention duration is positively related to memory effects.
机译：背景眼动脱敏和再处理（EMDR）是治疗创伤后应激障碍的有效方法。工作记忆（WM）理论解释了它的功效：回忆性厌恶记忆和使眼球运动（EM）都产生认知负荷，争夺有限WM资源会降低记忆的生动性和情感性。本研究检验了WM理论的一些预测。目的我们假设1）回忆性厌恶自传回忆的记忆力WM与不回忆相比，2）EM回忆减少了回忆记忆的生动感，情感和认知负担方法：将大学生（ N = 108）随机分配给以下三个条件之一：1）回忆具有EM的相关记忆，2）回忆不具有EM的相关记忆，以及3）调出与EM无关的内存。我们使用随机间隔重复任务来衡量回忆记忆的认知负荷。参与者对随机发出的蜂鸣声有反应，有或没有记忆。参与者在回忆期间放慢的程度提供了认知负荷的指标。在干预之前，中途（8×24 s）和干预后（16×24 s），我们测量了认知负荷和自我报告的生动性和情绪。结果与没有回忆相比，记忆回忆期间的反应时间变慢了。与EM条件相关的召回率显示，自我报告的生动性和情绪性下降比对照条件大。在这种情况下，回忆记忆的认知负荷也有所下降，但并没有比控制条件下持续下降。结论厌恶性回忆的记忆负荷WM，但是生动性和情感性的下降并不能立即减轻回忆记忆的认知负荷。需要进行更多的研究以找到可以捕获内存质量变化的客观措施。回忆厌恶的自传体记忆是一项认知上的艰巨任务。厌恶的记忆的生动性和情感性在仅通过回忆或仅通过认知努力（即，通过眼睛的动作来回忆无关的回忆）后，通过眼球运动的回忆而降低了。与仅回忆或仅认知努力相比，通过眼球运动回忆后，回忆记忆的认知负荷不会立即降低。干预时间与记忆效应呈正相关。

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