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首页> 外文期刊>International Research: Journal of Library and Information Science >Traditional Knowledge, Traditional Cultural Expressions and Intellectual Property Rights of Tribes in North-Eastern Region of India
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Traditional Knowledge, Traditional Cultural Expressions and Intellectual Property Rights of Tribes in North-Eastern Region of India

机译：印度东北地区部落的传​​统知识，传统文化表现形式和知识产权

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摘要

India’s foray into the open world market under the aegis of World Trade Organization (WTO) has ushered in opportunities as well as vulnerabilities for indigenous communities in Northeastern states of India. The threat is more keenly felt in the realm of Traditional knowledge (TK) and Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs) as India has made its Intellectual Property (IP) regime compliant with the Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). Today tribal community faces potential loss and misappropriation of TK and Traditional Cultural TCEs mainly due to two reasons: lack of TK documentation and legal registration of TK and TCEs for protecting their ownership rights. These problems are further compounded by rapid loss of elders within the indigenous communities who are the repository of TK. This paper analyzed the implications of IP on tribal TK and TCEs in North-Eastern Region of India and presents legal mechanism for managing and protecting the Intellectual Property Rights of tribal communities. It established that the existing IPRs regime falls short in protecting and recognizing the inherent characteristic of TK such as collective innovation, collective ownership, and collective rights. It merely focuses on intellectual and commercial aspect of the knowledge, without addressing the extricable links between knowledge, identity, and spiritual values embedded in TK and TCEs. Taking cognizance with these underlining predicaments, the author recommends embarking on Tribal Knowledge Management System (TKMS) which aims at inventorying, codifying and registering the tacit knowledge (oral knowledge) of the tribes in Northeast-Eastern region. Recognizing the unique ethnic identity, history, culture of tribes in Northeast India, the paper recommends Community Based Documentation (CBD) approach in the process of inventorying the TK and TCEs. The paper underscored the urgency of documenting TK and TCEs of tribes in northeast region India for protecting their intellectual property rights.
机译：在世界贸易组织（WTO）的主持下，印度进军开放世界市场为印度东北邦的土著社区带来了机遇和脆弱性。随着印度使其知识产权（IP）制度符合与贸易有关的知识产权（TRIPS）的要求，在传统知识（TK）和传统文化表现形式（TCE）领域中，威胁更加明显。今天，部落社区面临着传统知识和传统文化传统文化表现形式的潜在损失和盗用，这主要是由于两个原因：缺乏传统知识文件以及传统知识和传统文化表现形式为保护其所有权而进行的合法注册。这些问题由于土著居民是传统知识的储存者而迅速流失而进一步加剧。本文分析了知识产权对印度东北地区部落传统知识和传统文化表现形式的影响，并提出了管理和保护部落社区知识产权的法律机制。它确定，现有的知识产权制度在保护和承认传统知识的固有特征（如集体创新，集体所有权和集体权利）方面是不足的。它仅侧重于知识的知识和商业方面，而没有解决传统知识和传统文化表现形式中所包含的知识，身份和精神价值之间的紧密联系。考虑到这些突出的困境，作者建议着手进行部落知识管理系统（TKMS），该系统旨在对东北-东部地区的部落的隐性知识（口头知识）进行清点，整理和注册。认识到印度东北部地区独特的族群身份，历史和部落文化，本文建议在清点传统知识和传统文化表现形式的过程中使用基于社区的文献（CBD）方法。该文件强调了迫切需要记录印度东北地区部落的传​​统知识和传统文化表现形式，以保护其知识产权。

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