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DNA demethylation, Tet proteins and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in epigenetic reprogramming: An emerging complex story

机译:表观遗传重编程中的DNA脱甲基,Tet蛋白和5-羟甲基胞嘧啶:一个新兴的复杂故事

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Epigeneticreprogramminginvolvesprocessesthatleadtotheerasureofepigeneticinformation,revertingthechromatintemplatetoalessdifferentiatedstate.Extensiveepigeneticreprogrammingoccursbothnaturallyduringmammaliandevelopmentintheearlyembryoandthedevelopinggermline,andartificiallyinvariouseminvitro/emreprogrammingsystems.GlobalDNAdemethylationappearstobeasharedattributeofreprogrammingevents,andunderstandingDNAmethylationdynamicsisthusofconsiderableinterest.Recently,theTetenzymes,whichcatalysetheiterativeoxidationof5-methylcytosineto5-hydroxymethylcytosine,5-formylcytosineand5-carboxylcytosine,haveemergedaspotentialdriversofepigeneticreprogramming.AlthoughsomeoftherecentstudiespointtowardsthedirectroleofTetproteinsintheremovalofDNAmethylation,theaccumulatingevidencesuggeststhattheprocessesunderlyingDNAmethylationdynamicsmightbemorecomplex.Here,wereviewthecurrentevidence,highlightingtheagreementsandthediscrepanciesbetweenthesuggestedmodelsandtheexperimentalevidence./p/div
机译:Epigeneticreprogramminginvolvesprocessesthatleadtotheerasureofepigeneticinformation,revertingthechromatintemplatetoalessdifferentiatedstate.Extensiveepigeneticreprogrammingoccursbothnaturallyduringmammaliandevelopmentintheearlyembryoandthedevelopinggermline,andartificiallyinvarious 体外 reprogrammingsystems.GlobalDNAdemethylationappearstobeasharedattributeofreprogrammingevents,andunderstandingDNAmethylationdynamicsisthusofconsiderableinterest.Recently,theTetenzymes,whichcatalysetheiterativeoxidationof5-methylcytosineto5羟甲基,5- formylcytosineand5-carboxylcytosine,haveemergedaspotentialdriversofepigeneticreprogramming.AlthoughsomeoftherecentstudiespointtowardsthedirectroleofTetproteinsintheremovalofDNAmethylation,theaccumulatingevidencesuggeststhattheprocessesunderlyingDNAmethylationdynamicsmightbemorecomplex.Here,wereviewthecurrentevidence,highlightingtheagreementsandthediscrepanciesbetweenthesuggestedmodelsandtheexperimentalevidence。< / p>

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