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Pancreatic cancer genomics: insights and opportunities for clinical translation

机译：胰腺癌基因组学：临床翻译的见解和机会

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Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal tumor type for which there are few viable therapeutic options. It is also caused by the accumulation of mutations in a variety of genes. These genetic alterations can be grouped into those that accumulate during pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (precursor lesions) and thus are present in all cells of the infiltrating carcinoma, and those that accumulate specifically within the infiltrating carcinoma during subclonal evolution, resulting in genetic heterogeneity. Despite this heterogeneity there are nonetheless commonly altered cellular functions, such as pathways controlling the cell cycle, DNA damage repair, intracellular signaling and development, which could provide for a variety of drug targets. This review aims to summarize current knowledge of the genetics and genomics of pancreatic cancer from its inception to metastatic colonization, and to provide examples of how this information can be translated into the clinical setting for therapeutic benefit and personalized medicine.
机译：胰腺癌是高度致死性的肿瘤类型，几乎没有可行的治疗选择。它也是由多种基因突变的积累引起的。这些遗传改变可分为在胰腺上皮内瘤变过程中积累的（前体病变），因此存在于浸润癌的所有细胞中，以及在亚克隆进化过程中专门在浸润癌中积累的那些，导致遗传异质性。尽管存在这种异质性，但是细胞功能通常会发生改变，例如控制细胞周期，DNA损伤修复，细胞内信号传导和发育的途径，这些途径可以提供多种药物靶标。这篇综述旨在总结胰腺癌从发病到转移性定植的遗传学和基因组学方面的当前知识，并提供有关如何将该信息转化为治疗效果和个性化医学的临床实例。

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