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Transcriptional regulation of mammalian miRNA genes

机译:哺乳动物miRNA基因的转录调控

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are members of a growing family of non-coding transcripts, 21–23 nucleotides long, which regulate a diverse collection of biological processes and various diseases by RNA-mediated gene-silencing mechanisms. While currently many studies focus on defining the regulatory functions of miRNAs, few are directed towards how miRNA genes are themselves transcriptionally regulated. Recent studies of miRNA transcription have elucidated RNA polymerase II as the major polymerase of miRNAs, however, little is known of the structural features of miRNA promoters, especially those of mammalian miRNAs. Here, we review the current literature regarding features conserved among miRNA promoters useful for their detection and the current novel methodologies available to enable researchers to advance our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of miRNA genes.
机译:微小RNA(miRNA)是一个非编码转录本家族的成员,其长度为21-23个核苷酸,可通过RNA介导的基因沉默机制调节多种生物学过程和各种疾病。尽管目前许多研究集中在定义miRNA的调控功能上,但很少有针对miRNA基因自身如何转录调控的研究。 miRNA转录的最新研究已经阐明了RNA聚合酶II是miRNA的主要聚合酶,但是,人们对miRNA启动子的结构特征知之甚少,尤其是哺乳动物miRNA的启动子。在这里,我们回顾了有关miRNA启动子中对它们的检测有用的保守功能的现有文献,以及使研究人员能够增进对miRNA基因转录调控的了解的新方法。

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