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首页> 外文期刊>Global Ecology and Conservation >Using qualitative methods to support recovery of endangered species: The case of red-cockaded woodpecker foraging habitat
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Using qualitative methods to support recovery of endangered species: The case of red-cockaded woodpecker foraging habitat

机译：使用定性方法支持濒危物种的恢复：以红冠啄木鸟觅食栖息地为例

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摘要

Meta-analyses are powerful tools for synthesizing wildlife-habitat relationships, but small sample sizes and complex species-habitat relationships often preclude correlative meta-analyses on endangered species. In this study, we demonstrate qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) as a tool that can reliably synthesize habitat-fitness relationships from small sample sizes for species with narrow habitat requirements. We apply QCA to results from a habitat threshold regression tree model and identify habitat thresholds with consistent positive effects on fitness of the federally endangered red-cockaded woodpecker ( Dryobates borealis ; RCW) on the Savannah River Site, USA. We reformulated regression tree results in a QCA framework to examine the consistency of threshold effects on RCW fledgling production at the individual group level ( n ?=?47). Synthesizing regression tree results with QCA revealed alternative combinations of habitat thresholds that in conjunction with group size consistently led to above-average fledgling production for 41 of 47 (88%) individual RCW groups. Importantly, QCA identified unique combinations of habitat thresholds and group size related to above-average fledgling production that were not retained in the regression tree model due to small sample sizes. Synthesizing a small habitat-fitness dataset using QCA provided a tractable method to identify unique combinations of habitat and group size conditions that are consistently important to individual fitness, but may not be detected by meta-analyses that can be biased by small sample sizes. QCA offers a viable approach for synthesis of habitat-fitness relationships and can be extended to address many complex issues in endangered species recovery when correlative meta-analyses are not possible.
机译：荟萃分析是用于综合野生动植物-栖息地关系的有力工具，但是样本量小和物种-栖息地关系复杂，通常排除了对濒危物种的相关荟萃分析的需要。在这项研究中，我们证明了定性比较分析（QCA）是一种工具，该工具可以从小样本量中可靠地合成具有狭窄栖息地要求的物种的栖息地－适宜性关系。我们将QCA应用于栖息地阈值回归树模型的结果，并确定对美国萨凡纳河站点上濒临灭绝的联邦红危险啄木鸟（Dryobatesborealis; RCW）的适应性具有持续积极影响的栖息地阈值。我们在QCA框架中重新构建了回归树的结果，以检验在单个组水平上对RCW雏鸡生产的阈值影响的一致性（n = 47）。将回归树结果与QCA进行综合后发现，栖息地阈值的替代组合与群体规模相结合，始终导致47个（88％）单个RCW组中的雏鸟生产高于平均水平。重要的是，QCA确定了与阈值以上的雏鸟生产相关的栖息地阈值和种群规模的独特组合，这些组合由于样本量较小而未保留在回归树模型中。使用QCA合成小型栖息地适应性数据集提供了一种易于处理的方法，可用来识别栖息地和群体规模条件的独特组合，这些条件对于个体适应性始终很重要，但可能无法通过可能因小样本规模而产生偏差的荟萃分析检测到。 QCA提供了一种可行的方法来综合栖息地与适宜性之间的关系，当无法进行相关的荟萃分析时，QCA可以扩展为解决濒危物种恢复中的许多复杂问题。

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