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首页> 外文期刊>Global Ecology and Conservation >Impacts of livestock grazing, topography and vegetation on distribution of wildlife in Wanglang National Nature Reserve, China
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Impacts of livestock grazing, topography and vegetation on distribution of wildlife in Wanglang National Nature Reserve, China

机译：王朗国家级自然保护区放牧，地形和植被对野生生物分布的影响

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Successful conservation requires that we identify factors affecting species co-occurrence in the wild and understanding the consequence for wildlife management. We investigated species diversity in Wanglang National Nature Reserve using camera traps. We conducted vegetation surveys and obtained topographic information at each camera trapping site. We determined the characteristic species of trees and wildlife at each site using PCA. Generalized Linear Models of the effect of landscape structure (including the terrain and vegetation) and co-occurrence of wildlife species on occurrence of characteristic species were compared. Model selection showed that the global model out-performed all other models. The effect of species co-occurrence explained the most variation in species occurrence, while terrain and dominant tree species also had explained a high proportion. The co-occurrence of wildlife is affected by the distribution of terrain-dependent vegetation and dominant tree species, especially in the case of arboreal animals, which implies a high degree of niche partitioning. In contrast, terrestrial animals are more affected by species co-occurrence. Obvious mutual exclusivity is shown between grazing livestock (e.g. the cattle) and medium-to-large mammals such as giant panda and tufted deer. This may be attributed to the complete niche differentiation between these species, and indicates the effects of anthropogenic activities on wildlife in the reserve. These results indicate that the maintenance of a complex landscape is helpful for maintaining diverse resources and niches for wildlife. Reducing or adequately managing grazing activity is urgent for protecting medium- and large-sized mammals in the reserve.
机译：成功的保护要求我们确定影响野生物种共生的因素，并了解野生动植物管理的后果。我们使用相机陷阱调查了望朗国家自然保护区的物种多样性。我们进行了植被调查，并在每个相机诱集地点获得了地形信息。我们使用PCA确定了每个站点的树木和野生动植物的特征物种。比较了景观结构（包括地形和植被）和野生生物共生对特征物种发生的影响的广义线性模型。模型选择表明，全局模型优于其他所有模型。物种共生的影响解释了物种发生的最大差异，而地形和优势树种也解释了很大的比例。野生生物的共生受到与地形有关的植被和优势树种分布的影响，尤其是在有树的动物的情况下，这意味着高度的生态位分配。相反，陆生动物受物种共生的影响更大。放牧的牲畜（例如牛）与大中型哺乳动物（例如大熊猫和簇绒的鹿）之间表现出明显的互斥性。这可能归因于这些物种之间的完全生态位分化，并表明了人为活动对保护区野生动植物的影响。这些结果表明，维护复杂的景观有助于维护野生动植物的各种资源和生态位。减少或适当管理放牧活动对于保护保护区内的中型和大型哺乳动物非常重要。

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