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Time-activity budgets of stiff-tailed ducks in Puerto Rico

机译:波多黎各硬尾鸭的时间活动预算

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摘要

Habitat loss and degradation have contributed to declining populations of stiff-tailed ducks including the migratory northern ruddy duck ( Oxyura jamaicensis rubida ), and non-migratory masked duck ( Nomonyx dominicus ) and West Indian ruddy duck ( Oxyura j. jamaicensis ). Studies collecting time-activity budgets on waterfowl can provide important insight into habitat use, behavior, and niche partitioning. Even though the northern ruddy duck and West Indian ruddy duck are recognized as the same species, we treated them separately to appraise possible ecological differences. We recorded 24-h time-activity budgets for masked ducks ( n ?=?142), northern ruddy ducks ( n ?=?1,401), and West Indian ruddy ducks ( n ?=?3,765) on the Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge in Lajas, Puerto Rico from January through April 2015 and 2016. Behaviors varied among taxa, between sexes, and between diurnal and nocturnal sampling periods. Resting and sleeping were common behaviors observed during the day and night, but all 3 taxa fed more at night with masked duck feeding more than the West Indian ruddy duck and northern ruddy duck. Northern ruddy duck and West Indian ruddy duck time-activity budgets varied with 7 of 8 behavioral categories during the day and 5 of 8 behavioral categories at night differing. Ecological differences such as body size and migration of northern ruddy ducks may account for the differences in behavior when compared to non-migratory West Indian ruddy ducks.
机译:栖息地的丧失和退化导致了硬尾鸭种群的减少,其中包括迁徙的北红鸭(Oxyura jamaicensis rubida),非迁徙的蒙面鸭(Nomonyx dominicus)和西印度红鸭(Oxyura j。jamaicensis)。收集有关水禽的时间活动预算的研究可以提供有关栖息地使用,行为和生态位分配的重要见解。即使北部红鸭子和西印度红鸭子被认为是同一物种,我们仍将它们分开对待以评估可能的生态差异。我们在拉古纳卡塔赫纳国家野生动物保护区记录了蒙面鸭子(n == 142),北部红鸭子(n == 1,401)和西印度红鸭子(n == 3,765)的24小时活动预算。在2015年1月至2015年4月至2016年4月期间在波多黎各的拉哈斯市。行为在不同的分类单元中,性别之间以及昼夜采样时段之间有所不同。休息和睡觉是白天和晚上的常见行为,但是所有3个分类单元在夜间的进食都比蒙面鸭多,而西印度的红鸭和北部的红鸭更多。北部红鸭子和西印度红鸭子的时间活动预算各不相同,白天有8种行为类别中的7种,而夜间有8种行为类别中的5种有所不同。与非迁徙的西印度红鸭子相比,生态差异(例如体型和北部红鸭子的迁徙)可以解释行为上的差异。

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