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首页> 外文期刊>Fire Ecology >Accommodating Mixed-Severity Fire to Restore and Maintain Ecosystem Integrity with a Focus on the Sierra Nevada of California, USA
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Accommodating Mixed-Severity Fire to Restore and Maintain Ecosystem Integrity with a Focus on the Sierra Nevada of California, USA

机译：以美国加利福尼亚州的内华达山脉为中心，应对混合严重火灾以恢复和维持生态系统完整性

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Existing fire policy encourages the maintenance of ecosystem integrity in fire management, yet this is difficult to implement on lands managed for competing economic, human safety, and air quality concerns. We discuss a fire management approach in the mid-elevations of the Sierra Nevada, California, USA, that may exemplify similar challenges in other fire-adapted regions of the western USA. We also discuss how managing for pyrodiversity through mixed-severity fires can promote ecosystem integrity in Sierran mixed conifer and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws) forests. To illustrate, we show how coarse-filter (landscape-level) and complementary fine-filter (species-level) approaches can enhance forest management and conservation biology objectives as related to wildfire management. At the coarse-filter level, pyrodiverse mixed-severity fires provide landscape heterogeneity. Species and ecosystem characteristics associated with pyrodiversity can be maintained or enhanced by accommodating moderately severe fires, which hasten restoration by recreating a complex vegetation mosaic otherwise at risk from suppression. At the fine-filter level, managers can select focal species and species of conservation concern based on the degree to which those species depend on fire and accommodate their specific conservation needs. The black-backed woodpecker (Picoides arcticus [Swainson, 1832]) is an ideal focal species for monitoring the ecological integrity of forests restored through mixed-severity fire, and the California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis [Xantus de Vesey, 1860]) is a species of conservation concern that uses post-fire habitat mosaics and is particularly vulnerable to logging. We suggest a comprehensive approach that integrates wildland fire for ecosystem integrity and species viability with strategic deployment of fire suppression and ecologically based restoration of pyrodiverse landscapes. Our approach would accomplish fire management goals while simultaneously maintaining biodiversity.
机译：现有的消防政策鼓励在消防管理中维持生态系统的完整性，但是在出于经济，人身安全和空气质量方面的竞争考虑而管理的土地上，这很难实施。我们讨论了美国加利福尼亚内华达山脉中部海拔高度的消防管理方法，这可能是美国西部其他适应火灾地区的类似挑战的例证。我们还讨论了通过混合严重度火灾来控制火成度如何促进Sierran混合针叶树和美国黄松（Pinus tankerosa Laws）森林的生态系统完整性。为了说明这一点，我们展示了粗滤器（景观级别）和互补性细滤器（物种级别）方法如何增强与野火管理相关的森林管理和保护生物学目标。在粗滤器级别上，发散性混合严重度火灾提供了景观异质性。与火成性有关的物种和生态系统特征可以通过适应中度严重的大火来维持或增强，大火可以通过重建复杂的植被来加速恢复，否则将面临被抑制的危险。在精细过滤器级别，管理者可以根据这些物种对火的依赖程度来选择重点物种和需要关注的物种，并满足其特定的保护需求。黑背啄木鸟（Picoides arcticus [Swainson，1832]）是监测通过混合严重火种恢复的森林和加利福尼亚斑点猫头鹰（Strix occidentalis occidentalis [Xantus de Vesey，1860]）的理想重点监测物种。是一种需要保护的物种，它使用了火后的栖息地马赛克，特别容易受到伐木的影响。我们建议采用一种综合方法，将野火用于生态系统的完整性和物种生存力，并与战略部署的灭火和基于生态的火生物多样性景观恢复相结合。我们的方法将在维持生物多样性的同时实现消防管理目标。

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