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Quantitative Evidence for Increasing Forest Fire Severity in the Sierra Nevada and Southern Cascade Mountains, California and Nevada, USA

机译：美国内华达山脉和南喀斯喀特山脉和美国内华达州森林火灾严重性增加的定量证据

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Recent research has concluded that forest wildfires in the western United States are becoming larger and more frequent. A more significant question may be whether the ecosystem impacts of wildfire are also increasing. We show that a large area (approximately 120000 kmpo) of California and western Nevada experienced a notable increase in the extent of forest stand-replacing (high severity) fire between 1984 and 2006. High severity forest fire is closely linked to forest fragmentation, wildlife habitat availability, erosion rates and sedimentation, post-fire seedling recruitment, carbon sequestration, and various other ecosystem properties and processes. Mean and maximum fire size, and the area burned annually have also all risen substantially since the beginning of the 1980s, and are now at or above values from the decades preceding the 1940s, when fire suppression became national policy. These trends are occurring in concert with a regional rise in temperature and a long-term increase in annual precipitation. A close examination of the climate-fire relationship and other evidence suggests that forest fuels are no longer limiting fire occurrence and behavior across much of the study region. We conclude that current trends in forest fire severity necessitate a re-examination of the implications of all-out fire suppression and its ecological impacts.
机译：最近的研究得出的结论是，美国西部的森林野火正变得越来越大，越来越频繁。一个更重要的问题可能是野火对生态系统的影响是否也在增加。我们显示，在1984年至2006年之间，加利福尼亚州和内华达州西部的大片地区（约120000 kmpo）经历了林分替代林（严重）火灾的程度显着增加。严重森林火灾与森林破碎化，野生动植物密切相关栖息地的可用性，侵蚀速率和沉积，火后幼苗的募集，碳固存以及其他各种生态系统特性和过程。自1980年代初以来，平均和最大火灾规模以及每年燃烧的面积都已大大增加，现在已达到或高于1940年代之前几十年的价值，当时灭火成为国家政策。这些趋势与区域温度的升高和年降水量的长期增加相一致。仔细研究气候与火之间的关系以及其他证据表明，在研究区域的大部分地区，森林燃料不再限制着火的发生和行为。我们得出的结论是，当前森林火灾严重性的趋势需要重新研究全面扑灭火灾的影响及其生态影响。

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