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首页> 外文期刊>Folia Forestalia Polonica: Series A - Forestry >Emerging forest disease in Europe and North America
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Emerging forest disease in Europe and North America

机译：欧洲和北美的新兴森林疾病

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Globalization and increase of International Trade(larger cargo and faster ships) cause more and moreproblems in contemporary plant protection in agriculture,horticulture and forestry sectors. The elaboratedEU quarantine rules, sufficient in the past, havestopped working in the new circumstances. It is especiallyfrustrating to foresters whose forests are indanger. The main pathway is the soil attached to plantroots of seedlings and asymptomatic plants for plantings.Some other wood goods like wood fire also needregulation. There is hope that the quickly developingmolecular tools allow to detect and identify species inenvironmental samples (soil, water and plant tissue) ontime (Nevoigt et al. 2010; Nowakowska et al. 2016).The pathway oriented legislation seems to be the mostefficient way to mitigate this situation. The new IUFROgroup “7.03.12 – ALIEN INVASIVE SPECIES ANDINTERNATIONAL TRADE was created to deal withthis topic. There are many examples of severe lossesin Europe and North America due to the emergingdiseases like ash dieback caused by the alien fungusHymenoscyphus fraxineus and Agrillus plannipenis,Sudden Oak Death and Japanese larch – Phytophthoraramorum, alder decline – P. alni, European oak declinephenomenon – complex disease with significantcontribution of phytophthoras, mainly P. quercina. Interactionsbetween health status and genetic variabilitywere often sought by scientists (Nowakowska andOszako 2008). It seems that research on resistance/tolerance of forest tree species to these new threats areurgently needed.
机译：全球化和国际贸易的增加（更大的货物和更快的船只）在农业，园艺和林业部门的当代植物保护中引起越来越多的问题。过去精心制定的详尽的欧盟检疫规则已停止在新情况下发挥作用。对于森林濒危的森林人来说，这尤其令人沮丧。主要途径是附着在幼苗和无症状植物的植物根部上的土壤，其他一些木制品，例如柴火也需要调节。希望快速发展的分子工具能够准时检测和鉴定环境样品（土壤，水和植物组织）中的物种（Nevoigt等人2010; Nowakowska等人2016），以途径为导向的立法似乎是最有效的方法。缓解这种情况。创建了新的IUFROgroup“ 7.03.12 –外来入侵物种和国际贸易”来处理这一主题。在欧洲和北美，由于外来真菌引起的灰烬枯死等新出现的疾病，造成了严重损失的例子很多，例如，Hymenoscyphus fraxineus和Agriillus plannipenis，突然的橡树死亡和日本落叶松–疫霉菌，al木下降– P. alni，欧洲橡树下降现象–复杂疾病疫霉菌的主要贡献者，主要是P. quercina。科学家经常寻求健康状况和遗传变异之间的相互作用（Nowakowska and Oszako 2008）。似乎迫切需要对林木物种对这些新威胁的抗性/耐受性进行研究。

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