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Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among students of a tertiary institution in Ghana

机译：加纳一家大专院校学生的心血管疾病危险因素患病率

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are listed as one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity by the World Health Organization. The World Heart Federation lists overweight/obesity, blood lipid profile, and blood pressure as some of the modifiable risk factors to developing CVDs. This study sought to determine the prevalence of some of these modifiable risk factors among University of Ghana students. One hundred and twenty students were sampled for the study. Lipid profile parameters such as high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), and total triglycerides (TG) were measured using the Vitros 5‐IFS chemistry analyzer (NY, USA). The Friedewald's equation was used to determine low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Anthropometric indices such as height and weight were measured following standard protocols. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated in kg/m 2 using the height and weight measurements. The students were then categorized into underweight, normal, overweight, and obese according to their BMI. Blood pressure measurements were also taken. The mean age of the students was 30.04?±?7.99?years. A total of 4.2%, 30%, and 67.5% had TG, TC, and LDL, respectively, above normal recommended ranges. Low HDL levels were observed in 32.5% of the students. About 45% had high systolic blood pressure and 32.5% with high diastolic blood pressure. In all, the risk factors studied contributed to about 95% of the variance in explaining the risk of developing CVDs. The study concludes that the cardiovascular risk factors assessed are prevalent among the students and therefore steps must be taken to address the increase in prevalence.
机译：心血管疾病（CVD）被世界卫生组织列为导致死亡和发病的主要原因之一。世界心脏联盟将超重/肥胖，血脂状况和血压列为发展为CVD的一些可修正的危险因素。这项研究旨在确定加纳大学学生中某些可修正的危险因素的患病率。一百二十名学生被抽样了为研究。使用Vitros 5-IFS化学分析仪（美国纽约州）测量脂质谱参数，例如高密度脂蛋白（HDL），总胆固醇（TC）和总甘油三酸酯（TG）。 Friedewald方程用于确定低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的水平。人体测量指标（例如身高和体重）是按照标准协议进行测量的。使用身高和体重测量值以kg / m 2为单位计算体重指数（BMI）。然后根据他们的BMI将学生分为体重过轻，正常，超重和肥胖。还测量血压。学生的平均年龄为30.04±7.99岁。 TG，TC和LDL分别高于正常推荐范围，分别为4.2％，30％和67.5％。在32.5％的学生中，HDL水平较低。大约45％的患者具有较高的收缩压，而32.5％的患者具有较高的舒张压。总体而言，所研究的风险因素在解释发生CVD的风险中贡献了约95％的方差。研究得出结论，评估的心血管危险因素在学生中普遍存在，因此必须采取措施应对患病率的增加。

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