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Mapping and determinism of soil microbial community distribution across an agricultural landscape

机译：农业景观中土壤微生物群落分布的制图和确定性

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AbstractDespite the relevance of landscape, regarding the spatial patterning of microbial communities and the relative influence of environmental parameters versus human activities, few investigations have been conducted at this scale. Here, we used a systematic grid to characterize the distribution of soil microbial communities at 278 sites across a monitored agricultural landscape of 13 km². Molecular microbial biomass was estimated by soil DNA recovery and bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Geostatistics provided the first maps of microbial community at this scale and revealed a heterogeneous but spatially structured distribution of microbial biomass and diversity with patches of several hundreds of meters. Variance partitioning revealed that both microbial abundance and bacterial diversity distribution were highly dependent of soil properties and land use (total variance explained ranged between 55% and 78%). Microbial biomass and bacterial richness distributions were mainly explained by soil pH and texture whereas bacterial evenness distribution was mainly related to land management. Bacterial diversity (richness, evenness, and Shannon index) was positively influenced by cropping intensity and especially by soil tillage, resulting in spots of low microbial diversity in soils under forest management. Spatial descriptors also explained a small but significant portion of the microbial distribution suggesting that landscape configuration also shapes microbial biomass and bacterial diversity.
机译：摘要尽管景观具有相关性，但在微生物群落的空间格局以及环境参数与人类活动的相对影响方面，很少进行这种规模的研究。在这里，我们使用了系统的网格来表征13平方千米的受监视农业景观中278个地点的土壤微生物群落分布。通过土壤DNA回收率和细菌多样性通过16S rRNA基因焦磷酸测序评估分子微生物生物量。地统计学提供了这种规模的第一批微生物群落图，并揭示了微生物生物量的异质性但空间结构分布以及具有数百米斑块的多样性。方差划分表明，微生物的丰度和细菌多样性分布都高度依赖于土壤特性和土地利用（解释的总方差在55％至78％之间）。微生物的生物量和细菌的丰富度分布主要由土壤的pH和质地来解释，而细菌的均匀度分布主要与土地管理有关。耕作强度，尤其是土壤耕作对细菌多样性（丰富度，均匀度和香农指数）产生了积极影响，导致森林管理下土壤微生物多样性低。空间描述符还解释了微生物分布的一小部分但很重要的部分，这表明景观结构也影响着微生物的生物量和细菌多样性。

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