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首页> 外文期刊>Nematropica >THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF NEMATODE BIOCONTROL METHODS: AN EX-ANTE APPROACH
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THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF NEMATODE BIOCONTROL METHODS: AN EX-ANTE APPROACH

机译：线虫生物防治方法的经济和环境影响：事前的方法

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Nematodes in sugar beets and potatoes in the Pacific Northwest are presently managed with expensive and toxic soil fumigants. No effective method is available to control nematodes on alfalfa. A method was developed for the biological control (biocontrol) of several nematode pathogens common in potatoes and sugar beets. The new method reduced nematode numbers by more than 90 percent, improved yield, and eliminated the need for fumigants. Several lines of alfalfa were tested and six new nematode resistant varieties were selected. The new varieties are significantly higher yielding with better seed and hay qualities compared to the present varieties that are susceptible to nematodes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the economic and environmental benefits of investment in coordinated diagnostic-research-extension program to manage nematodes on potatoes, sugar beets and alfalfa. Investment in the development of the nematode biocontrol methods will eliminate an estimated 6.17 million kilograms (13.6 lb million) of active toxic material from the environment in Idaho. Idaho producers of potato, sugar beets, and alfalfa will have an estimated gross annual benefit $43 million. It will cost potato and sugar beet producers about $14 million annually to implement the biocontrol method. The projected present value of the flow of gross annual benefits over the life expectancy of the technology is $217.63 million. The projected present value of cost over the life expectancy of the technology is $71.77 million. The internal rate of return is estimated at 81 percent.
机译：目前，西北太平洋甜菜和马铃薯中的线虫使用昂贵且有毒的土壤熏蒸剂进行管理。没有有效的方法可用于控制苜蓿上的线虫。开发了一种对马铃薯和甜菜中常见的几种线虫病原体进行生物防治的方法。新方法将线虫数量减少了90％以上，提高了产量，并消除了对熏蒸剂的需求。测试了多个苜蓿品系，并选择了六个新的抗线虫品种。与易受线虫侵害的现有品种相比，新品种具有更高的种子和干草品质，产量更高。这项研究的目的是评估在协调诊断，研究，扩展计划中管理马铃薯，甜菜和苜蓿上线虫的投资的经济和环境效益。开发线虫生物防治方法的投资将消除爱达荷州周围环境中估计有617万公斤（13.6磅）的活性有毒物质。爱达荷州的马铃薯，甜菜和苜蓿的生产者每年的总收益估计为4300万美元。实施生物防治方法每年将使马铃薯和甜菜生产商损失约1400万美元。在该技术的预期寿命中，年度总收益流的预计现值为2.763亿美元。在该技术的预期寿命中，成本的预计现值为7177万美元。内部收益率估计为81％。

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