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Strengths and Weaknesses of the Current Strategies to Map and Characterize R-Loops

机译：绘制和表征R圈的当前策略的优势和劣势

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摘要

R-loops are evolutionarily conserved three-stranded structures that result from the formation of stable DNA:RNA hybrids in the genome. R-loops have attracted increasing interest in recent years as potent regulators of gene expression and genome stability. In particular, their strong association with severe replication stress makes them potential oncogenic structures. Despite their importance, the rules that govern their formation and their dynamics are still controversial and an in-depth description of their direct impact on chromatin organization and DNA transactions is still lacking. To better understand the diversity of R-loop functions, reliable, accurate, and quantitative mapping techniques, as well as functional assays are required. Here, I review the different approaches that are currently used to do so and to highlight their individual strengths and weaknesses. In particular, I review the advantages and disadvantages of using the S9.6 antibody to map R-loops in vivo in an attempt to propose guidelines for best practices.
机译：R环是进化上保守的三链结构，由基因组中稳定的DNA：RNA杂种的形成而产生。作为基因表达和基因组稳定性的有效调节剂，R环近年来引起了越来越多的兴趣。特别地，它们与严重的复制压力的强烈关联使它们成为潜在的致癌结构。尽管它们很重要，但是控制它们的形成及其动力学的规则仍然存在争议，并且仍然缺少对其对染色质组织和DNA交易的直接影响的深入描述。为了更好地理解R环功能的多样性，需要可靠，准确和定量的定位技术以及功能测定。在这里，我回顾了目前使用的不同方法，并强调了它们各自的优缺点。特别是，我回顾了使用S9.6抗体在体内绘制R环的优缺点，以期提出最佳实践指南。

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