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Comparative interactomics provides evidence for functional specialization of the nuclear pore complex

机译：比较相互作用组学为核孔复合体的功能专业化提供了证据

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摘要

The core architecture of the eukaryotic cell was established well over one billion years ago, and is largely retained in all extant lineages. However, eukaryotic cells also possess lineage-specific features, frequently keyed to specific functional requirements. One quintessential core eukaryotic structure is the nuclear pore complex (NPC), responsible for regulating exchange of macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm as well as acting as a nuclear organizational hub. NPC architecture has been best documented in one eukaryotic supergroup, the Opisthokonts (e.g. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Homo sapiens ), which although compositionally similar, have significant variations in certain NPC subcomplex structures. The variation of NPC structure across other taxa in the eukaryotic kingdom however, remains poorly understood. We explored trypanosomes, highly divergent organisms, and mapped and assigned their NPC proteins to specific substructures to reveal their NPC architecture. We showed that the NPC central structural scaffold is conserved, likely across all eukaryotes, but more peripheral elements can exhibit very significant lineage-specific losses, duplications or other alterations in their components. Amazingly, trypanosomes lack the major components of the mRNA export platform that are asymmetrically localized within yeast and vertebrate NPCs. Concomitant with this, the trypanosome NPC is ALMOST completely symmetric with the nuclear basket being the only major source of asymmetry. We suggest these features point toward a stepwise evolution of the NPC in which a coating scaffold first stabilized the pore after which selective gating emerged and expanded, leading to the addition of peripheral remodeling machineries on the nucleoplasmic and cytoplasmic sides of the pore.
机译：真核细胞的核心结构已经建立于十亿年前，并且在所有现存的谱系中都得到了很大的保留。但是，真核细胞还具有谱系特异性的特征，经常需要满足特定的功能要求。一种典型的核心真核生物结构是核孔复合物（NPC），负责调节细胞核与细胞质之间的大分子交换，并充当核组织中心。 NPC结构已在一个真核超群中得到了最好的证明，即Opisthokonts（例如酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）和智人（Homo sapiens）），尽管其成分相似，但在某些NPC亚复合物结构中却存在显着差异。 NPC结构在真核生物中其他类群之间的变化仍然知之甚少。我们探索了锥虫，高度趋异的生物，并将其NPC蛋白定位并分配给特定的亚结构，以揭示其NPC结构。我们表明，NPC中央结构支架是保守的，可能遍及所有真核生物，但更多的外围元件可表现出非常显着的谱系特异性损失，重复或其他成分改变。令人惊讶的是，锥虫缺乏在酵母和脊椎动物NPC中不对称定位的mRNA输出平台的主要成分。与此相伴的是，锥虫NPC是ALMOST完全对称的，核篮是不对称的唯一主要来源。我们认为这些特征指向NPC的逐步演变，在该过程中，涂层支架首先稳定了孔，然后选择性门控出现并扩展，导致在孔的核质和细胞质侧添加了外围重塑机制。

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