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Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Physicochemical Evaluation of Oil from Hevea brasiliensis Seeds

机译：微波辅助提取巴西橡胶树种子中的油脂

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摘要

The rubber tree ( Hevea brasiliensis ) is exploited mainly for latex in view of its economic importance. However, one of its auxiliary products, the rubber seed, does not find any major applications, and hence, even the natural production of seeds itself remains underutilized. In this study, microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction is used as a green alternative to extract the oil from seeds at a reaction time of 90 min and microwave power of 300 W. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of the processing conditions, including drying time, temperature, solid–solvent ratio, and extraction solvent, on the yield of rubber seed oil. Moreover, the microwave-assisted aqueous extraction (MAAE) under acidic conditions is also investigated. Based on the results, n-hexane gave the best yield at an optimized 1:20 seed–hexane ratio at 72 °C compared with the conventional Soxhlet method and the acidic MAAE. Furthermore, the chemical characteristics of the oil showed a high value of free fatty acids (% FFA) (1.15–7.61%) and an iodine value (IV) that ranges from 100–150. As a semi-drying oil, rubber seed oil (RSO) can be used as an ingredient for surface coating and in the formulation of products where the presence of unsaturation is important.
机译：鉴于其经济重要性，橡胶树（巴西橡胶树）主要用于乳胶。然而，其辅助产品之一，橡胶种子，没有发现任何主要用途，因此，即使种子的自然生产本身仍未得到充分利用。在这项研究中，微波辅助的索氏提取法被用作绿色替代品，以90分钟的反应时间和300 W的微波功率从种子中提取油。该研究的目的是评估加工条件的影响，包括干燥时间，温度，固溶比和萃取溶剂对橡胶籽油收率的影响。此外，还研究了酸性条件下的微波辅助水萃取（MAAE）。根据结果​​，与传统的索氏萃取法和酸性MAAE相比，在72°C下以正己烷与种子的最佳比例为1:20，正己烷的收率最高。此外，该油的化学特性显示出较高的游离脂肪酸值（％FFA）（1.15–7.61％）和碘值（IV）在100–150之间。作为半干油，橡胶籽油（RSO）可用作表面涂层的成分，以及在其中不饱和度很重要的产品配方中。

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