Biotechnology has had revolutionary impact in all areas of knowledge on Biology. Specifically, biotechnologies applied to animal health can be applied to a wide range of different purposes ranging from the diagnostic of animal diseases, vaccine development and genetic improvement of animal populations, increasing resistance against different diseases, among others. The contribution offered by agricultural biotechnologies to face the challenges of ensuring food safety without destroying the base of environment resources is an aspect to be considered. Since the beginning of the 80s, the National Centre for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), which is a scientific institution created in 1969, began working on the introduction and use of biotechnological tools in the diagnosis of animal diseases. In this review, some results on the application of these technologies on animal health are presented considering their opportunities and challenges.
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