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首页> 外文期刊>Royal Society Open Science >Subliminal influence on preferences? A test of evaluative conditioning for brief visual conditioned stimuli using auditory unconditioned stimuli
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Subliminal influence on preferences? A test of evaluative conditioning for brief visual conditioned stimuli using auditory unconditioned stimuli

机译：对偏好的潜意识影响？使用听觉无条件刺激对短暂的视觉条件刺激进行评估条件的测试

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In the field of evaluative conditioning (EC), two opposing theories—propositional single-process theory versus dual-process theory—are currently being discussed in the literature. The present set of experiments test a crucial prediction to adjudicate between these two theories: Dual-process theory postulates that evaluative conditioning can occur without awareness of the contingency between conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US); in contrast, single-process propositional theory postulates that EC requires CS-US contingency awareness. In a set of three studies, we experimentally manipulate contingency awareness by presenting the CSs very briefly, thereby rendering it unlikely to be processed consciously. We address potential issues with previous studies on EC with subliminal or near-threshold CSs that limited their interpretation. Across two experiments, we consistently found an EC effect for CSs presented for 1000?ms and consistently failed to find an EC effect for briefly presented CSs. In a third pre-registered experiment, we again found evidence for an EC effect with CSs presented for 1000?ms, and we found some indication for an EC effect for CSs presented for 20?ms.
机译：在评估条件（EC）领域，目前正在文献中讨论两种相反的理论—命题单过程理论与双过程理论。本组实验检验了在这两种理论之间做出判断的关键预测：双过程理论假设，在不了解条件刺激（CS）和非条件刺激（US）之间的偶然性的情况下，可能会发生评估条件。相反，单过程命题理论假设EC要求CS-US应急意识。在一组三项研究中，我们通过非常简短地介绍CS来实验性地控制应变意识，从而使其不太可能被有意识地处理。我们通过对阈下或接近阈值CS的EC的先前研究来解决潜在的问题，从而限制了它们的解释。在两个实验中，我们一致地发现了针对1000µms的CS的EC效应，并且始终未能找到针对简短介绍的CS的EC效应。在第三个预先注册的实验中，我们再次发现了CS呈现1000？ms的EC效应的证据，并且我们发现了CS呈现20？ms的EC效应的迹象。

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