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Epidemiology of Occupational Asthma in Tunisia: Results of a First National Study

机译：突尼斯职业性哮喘流行病学：首次国家研究的结果

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Introduction: Apart from its increasingly important frequency, occupational asthma (OA) has become the most important cause of occupational respiratory disorders in developed countries. The number of etiological agents continues to grow following the constant introduction of new harmful substances in industry. Objectives: Determine the prevalence and incidence of OA in our country, the socio-occupational characteristics of asthmatics, and study the forensic and social impact of such pathology. Material and Methods: An exhaustive retrospective epidemiological study was conducted in Tunisia about charts of occupational asthma cases recognized by the competent commissions of the National Medical Care Fund (CNAM) during the period ranging from January 1st 2000 to December 31st 2008. Results: 361 occupational asthma cases, accounting for a prevalence of 7.17% of all occupational diseases, were recognized during the period of the study. Occupational asthma annual incidence was estimated to be 24.42 cases per 1000000 workers. Our study population was mainly women with a sex ratio of 0.86. More than a half (57.6%) of recognized OA cases were working in the textile industry sector. Concerning the asthmatics’ professional career, most of recognized OA cases (n = 225 i.e. 70.6% of cases) kept their jobs, whereas 58 patients did not. The professional career was linked to gender with a job loss that is 1.79 time more important in asthmatic women. Conclusion: The incidence of occupational asthma in Tunisia is comparable?with that found in other Mediterranean countries. A rigorous and adequate prevention is necessary and allows reducing the importance of this occupational pathology and its serious consequences.
机译：简介：除哮喘发病率越来越重要外，职业性哮喘（OA）已成为发达国家职业性呼吸系统疾病的最重要原因。随着工业中不断引入新的有害物质，病原体的数量持续增长。目的：确定我国OA的患病率和发病率，哮喘患者的社会职业特征，并研究此类病理的法医学和社会影响。资料和方法：在突尼斯进行了详尽的回顾性流行病学研究，调查了2000年1月1日至2008年12月31日期间国家医疗保健基金主管委员会认可的职业性哮喘病例图。结果：361个职业在研究期间，哮喘病例占所有职业病的7.17％。职业性哮喘的年发病率估计为每百万工人24.42例。我们的研究人群主要是女性，性别比为0.86。超过一半（57.6％）的认可的OA案例都在纺织工业部门工作。关于哮喘病患者的职业生涯，大多数公认的OA病例（n = 225，即病例的70.6％）可以继续工作，而58名患者则没有。职业生涯与性别相关，失业率是哮喘女性的1.79倍。结论：突尼斯职业性哮喘的发病率与其他地中海国家相当。严格而充分的预防是必要的，它可以降低这种职业病态的重要性及其严重后果。

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