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Biodiversity and secretion of enzymes with potential utility in wastewater treatment

机译：废水处理中酶的生物多样性和分泌潜力

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The main organic contaminants in municipal wastewater are proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids, which must be hydrolyzed to smaller units. A high concentration of oil and grease in wastewater affects biological wastewater treatment processes by forming a layer on the water surface, which decreased the oxygen transfer rate into the aerobic process. Microbial proteases, lipases, amylases, and celullases should play essential roles in the biological wastewater treatment process. The present study aimed to isolate lipase- and other hydrolytic enzyme-producing microorganisms and assess their degradation capabilities of fat and oil wastewater in the laboratory. We also evaluated microbial interactions as an approach to enhance lipolytic activity. We place emphasis on lipase activity because oil and grease are not only environmental pollutants, but also form an undesirable tough crust on pipes of sewage treatment plants. Thirty-five lipolytic microorganisms from sewage were identified and assessed for hydrolytic enzyme profiles. Lipases were characterized in detail by quantification, chain length affinity, and optimal conditions for activity. The good stability of isolated lipases in the presence of chemical agents, thermal stability, wide range of pH activity and tolerance, and affinity for different lengths of ester chains indicates that some of these enzymes may be good candidates for the hydrolysis of organic compounds present in wastewater. A combination of enzymes and fermenting bacteria may facilitate the complete hydrolysis of triglycerides, proteins, and lingo-cellulose that normally occur in the wastes of industrial processes. This study identifies enzymes and microbial mixtures capable of digesting natural polymeric materials for facilitating the sewage cleaning process.
机译：市政废水中的主要有机污染物是蛋白质，多糖和脂质，必须将其水解成较小的单位。废水中的高浓度油脂通过在水表面形成一层层来影响生物废水处理过程，这会降低氧气进入需氧过程的速度。微生物蛋白酶，脂肪酶，淀粉酶和纤维素酶应在生物废水处理过程中发挥重要作用。本研究旨在分离产生脂肪酶和其他水解酶的微生物，并在实验室中评估其对油脂废水的降解能力。我们还评估了微生物相互作用作为增强脂解活性的一种方法。我们强调脂肪酶的活性，因为油脂不仅是环境污染物，而且还会在污水处理厂的管道上形成不良的硬皮。鉴定了来自污水的35种脂解微生物，并评估了其水解酶谱。通过定量，链长亲和力和最佳活性条件详细表征脂肪酶。在化学试剂存在下，分离的脂肪酶具有良好的稳定性，热稳定性，广泛的pH活性和耐受性以及对不同长度的酯链的亲和力，表明这些酶中的某些可能是水解存在于植物体内的有机化合物的良好候选者。废水。酶和发酵细菌的结合可以促进甘油三酸酯，蛋白质和舌状纤维素的完全水解，而甘油三酸酯，蛋白质和舌质纤维素通常会在工业过程的废物中发生。这项研究确定了能够消化天然高分子材料以促进污水清洁过程的酶和微生物混合物。

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