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首页> 外文期刊>Open Journal of Social Sciences >The Ottoman-Jewish Family: General Characteristics
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The Ottoman-Jewish Family: General Characteristics

机译：奥斯曼帝国犹太人家庭：一般特征

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Matters concerning the Jewish family in the Ottoman Empire are very revealing about Ottoman lives and the Ottoman mentality and folklore. We are still lacking a comprehensive research on it, and this is in a way an introduction to this topic. Up until the nineteenth century, the Ottoman-Jewish family was a traditional body shaped by two factors: the inner Jewish one, and that of the surrounding Muslim society, its şari’a law, customary law, norms, and values. Jews were acculturated in Ottoman society, and that took many forms, some of which were the nature of the patriarchal family, its folklore, its values, and the mechanisms which dictated its life. The patriarchal system dictated much —from patterns of dwelling to decision making and wills. The social standing and the economic situation were also an important factor in shaping its character, as social norms were much stricter in relation to the middle and upper classes. The family had formal and informal functions, which included continuation of Jewish life and socialization. Procreation and bringing up male children who bore their ancestors’ names were highly considered values. The gendered society in which they lived destined different roles for men and women and demanded different requirements—even different values—from each. Men and women lived their lives in parallel, almost separated, spheres. Women were subjected to various restrictions, most of which stemmed from their menacing sexuality. Notwithstanding the basic scheme of power relations, we now know that women had much more power and much more freedom than was formerly believed. We know very little about feelings—between husband and wife, between parents and their children, between a first wife and the second—but the sources allow us a glimpse into this world.
机译：关于奥斯曼帝国的犹太人家庭的事情非常揭示了奥斯曼帝国的生活以及奥斯曼帝国的思想和民间传说。我们仍然缺乏对此的全面研究，并且从某种程度上来说，这是对此主题的介绍。直到19世纪，奥斯曼帝国的犹太人家庭都是由两个因素塑造而成的传统机构：内部犹太人和周围的穆斯林社会，它的法律，习惯法，规范和价值观念。犹太人在奥斯曼帝国的社会中受到文化的熏陶，其形式多种多样，其中有些是重男轻女家庭的性质，其民俗，其价值观以及决定其生活的机制。父权制决定了很多事情-从居住模式到决策和遗嘱。社会地位和经济状况也是塑造其特征的重要因素，因为相对于中上层阶级而言，社会规范要严格得多。该家庭具有正式和非正式的职能，包括继续犹太生活和社会化。生育和抚养以祖先名字命名的男孩是高度重视的价值观。他们所生活的性别社会对男人和女人起着不同的作用，并且每个人都要求有不同的要求，甚至是不同的价值观。男人和女人生活在平行的，几乎分开的领域中。妇女受到各种限制，其中大部分是由于她们的威胁性。尽管有了权力关系的基本方案，我们现在知道，妇女拥有比以前所相信的更大的权力和更多的自由。我们对夫妻之间，父母与子女之间，第一任妻子与第二任妻子之间的感情知之甚少，但是这些资料让我们可以窥见这个世界。

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