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首页> 外文期刊>Open access Insect Physiology >The association of the FMRFamide-related peptide family with the heart of the stick insect, Baculum extradentatum
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The association of the FMRFamide-related peptide family with the heart of the stick insect, Baculum extradentatum

机译：FMRFamide相关肽家族与竹节虫（Baculum extradentatum）的心脏的关联

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Abstract: The neural anatomy of the heart of the Vietnamese stick insect, Baculum extradentatum consists of a dorsal vessel with lateral cardiac nerves containing cardiac neurons. It also has nerve projections from the segmental nerves. Some of the nerve processes pass over the alary muscles. Multiple pairs of bipolar neurons with axons in the segmental nerve lie on the dorsal diaphragm either side of the heart. FMRFamide-like immunoreactive staining is present in the peripheral nervous system, including the nerve branches from the segmental nerve that project to the heart. Immunoreactive processes are present over the incurrent and excurrent ostia of the heart and in the lateral cardiac nerves, cardiac neurons and in the paired bipolar neurons. SchistoFLRFamide, a myosuppressin, has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on dorsal vessel contraction. The minimum sequence required for inhibition was examined using truncated peptides, and found to be HVFLRFamide. The truncated peptide VFLRFamide showed activity reversal, being slightly stimulatory. The nonpeptide, benzethonium chloride, mimicked the effects of SchistoFLRFamide. The localization of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity within the innervation to the heart, coupled with the cardioinhibitory effect of SchistoFLRFamide, suggests a possible role for this family of peptides as neuromodulators in the cardiac musculature in B. extradentatum.
机译：【摘要】越南粘虫（Baculum extradentatum）心脏的神经解剖学是由背侧血管组成，侧心神经包含心脏神经元。它还具有来自节段神经的神经投射。一些神经过程经过整个肛门肌肉。在节段神经中带有轴突的多对双极神经元位于心脏的任一侧背膜上。 FMRFamide样免疫反应染色存在于周围神经系统中，包括从节段神经伸向心脏的神经分支。免疫反应过程存在于心脏的流入和流出口以及心脏外侧神经，心脏神经元和成对的双极神经元中。肌抑制素-SchistoFLRFamide对背血管收缩具有剂量依赖性的抑制作用。使用截短的肽检查了抑制所需的最小序列，发现其为HVFLRFamide。截短的肽VFLRFamide显示出活性逆转，具有轻微刺激性。非肽苄索氯铵模拟了SchistoFLRFamide的作用。 FMRFamide样免疫反应性在神经支配体内的定位，再加上SchistoFLRFamide的心脏抑制作用，提示该家族的肽作为牙外芽孢杆菌心脏肌肉中神经调节剂的可能作用。

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