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首页> 外文期刊>Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine >Residual Impact of Previous Injury on Musculoskeletal Characteristics in Special Forces Operators
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Residual Impact of Previous Injury on Musculoskeletal Characteristics in Special Forces Operators

机译：既往伤害对特种部队操作员肌肉骨骼特征的残留影响

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Background Musculoskeletal injuries are a significant burden to United States Army Special Operations Forces. The advanced tactical skill level and physical training required of Army Special Operators highlights the need to optimize musculoskeletal characteristics to reduce the likelihood of suffering a recurrent injury. Purpose To identify the residual impact of previous injury on musculoskeletal characteristics. Study Design Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods Isokinetic strength of the knee, shoulder, and back and flexibility of the shoulder and hamstrings were assessed as part of a comprehensive human performance protocol, and self-reported musculoskeletal injury history was obtained. Subjects were stratified based on previous history of low back, knee, or shoulder injury, and within-group and between-group comparisons were made for musculoskeletal variables. Results Knee injury analysis showed no significant strength or flexibility differences. Shoulder injury analysis found internal rotation strength of the healthy subjects (H) was significantly higher compared with injured (I) and uninjured (U) limbs of the injured group (H, 60.8 ± 11.5 percent body weight [%BW]; I, 54.5 ± 10.5 %BW; U, 55.5 ± 11.3 %BW) ( P = .014 [H vs I] and P = .05 [H vs U]). The external rotation/internal rotation strength ratio was significantly lower in the healthy subjects compared with injured and uninjured limbs of the injured group (H, 0.653 ± 0.122; I, 0.724 ± 0.121; U, 0.724 ± 0.124) ( P = .026 [H vs I] and P = .018 [H vs U]). Posterior shoulder tightness was significantly different between the injured and uninjured limb of the injured group (I, 111.6° ± 9.4°; U, 114.4° ± 9.3°; P = .008). The back injury analysis found no significant strength differences between the healthy and injured groups. Conclusion Few physical differences existed between operators with prior knee or back injury. However, operators with a previous history of shoulder injury demonstrated significantly less shoulder strength than uninjured operators as well as decreased shoulder flexibility on the injured side. All operators, regardless of prior injury, must perform the same tasks; therefore, a targeted injury rehabilitation/human performance training specifically focused on internal rotation strength and tightness of the posterior capsule may help reduce the risk for recurrence of injury. Operators presenting with musculoskeletal asymmetries and/or insufficient strength ratios may be predisposed to musculoskeletal injury. Clinical Relevance Specific fitness programs to compensate for deficiencies in strength and flexibility need to be designed that may reduce the risk of injuries in Special Forces Operators.
机译：背景技术肌肉骨骼损伤是美国陆军特种作战部队的重大负担。陆军特勤人员需要先进的战术技能水平和体育锻炼，突显了优化肌肉骨骼特征以减少遭受反复伤害的可能性的需求。目的确定先前损伤对肌肉骨骼特征的残留影响。研究设计横断面研究;证据等级，3。方法作为全面的人为操作规程的一部分，评估了膝盖，肩膀和背部的等速力量以及肩膀和腿筋的柔韧性，并获得了自我报告的肌肉骨骼损伤史。根据先前的腰背，膝盖或肩部受伤的病史对受试者进行分层，并对肌肉骨骼变量进行组内和组间比较。结果膝关节损伤分析没有明显的强度或柔韧性差异。肩部损伤分析发现，健康受试者的内部旋转强度（H）明显高于受伤组的受伤（I）和未受伤（U）肢体（H，60.8％±11.5％体重[％BW]; I，54.5 ±10.5％BW; U，55.5±11.3％BW）（P = 0.014 [H vs I]和P = 0.05 [H vs U]）。与受伤组的受伤和未受伤肢体相比，健康受试者的外旋/内旋强度比显着降低（H，0.653±0.122; I，0.724±0.121; U，0.724±0.124）（P = .026 [ H = I]和P = .018 [H vs U]）。受伤组中受伤和未受伤肢体的后肩紧绷度显着不同（I，111.6°±9.4°; U，114.4°±9.3°; P = .008）。背部损伤分析发现，健康组和受伤组之间没有明显的力量差异。结论先前有膝盖或背部受伤的操作者之间几乎没有身体差异。但是，先前有肩部受伤史的操作者表现出的肩部力量明显低于未受伤的操作者，而且受伤侧的肩部柔韧性降低。所有操作员，无论是否受伤，都必须执行相同的任务;因此，有针对性的损伤康复/人类绩效培训应专门针对后旋转囊的内部旋转强度和紧密度，有助于降低再次发生损伤的风险。出现肌肉骨骼不对称和/或强度比不足的操作者可能会容易遭受肌肉骨骼损伤。临床相关性需要设计特殊的健身计划来弥补力量和柔韧性的不足，以减少特种部队操作员受伤的风险。

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